{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T10:42:54Z","timestamp":1784544174435,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pathogens"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii)<\/jats:italic>is an important nosocomial pathogen in healthcare institutions.<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>-Lactamase-mediated resistance is the most common mechanism for carbapenem resistance in<jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern, to detect<jats:italic>OXA<\/jats:italic>encoding genes, class A,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mi>b<\/mml:mi><mml:mi>l<\/mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>a<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">P<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">E<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">R<\/mml:mi><mml:mtext>-<\/mml:mtext><mml:mn mathvariant=\"normal\">1<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:math>, and to detect the presence of ISA<jats:italic>ba<\/jats:italic>1. A total of 124<jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>isolates were collected from hospitalized patients in a teaching hospital in Kashan, Iran. The susceptibility of isolates to different antibiotics was determined by disk-diffusion method. PCR was used to detect<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mi>b<\/mml:mi><mml:mi>l<\/mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>a<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">P<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">E<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">R<\/mml:mi><mml:mtext>-<\/mml:mtext><mml:mn mathvariant=\"normal\">1<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:math>,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mi>b<\/mml:mi><mml:mi>l<\/mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>a<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">O<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">X<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">A<\/mml:mi><mml:mtext>-<\/mml:mtext><mml:mn mathvariant=\"normal\">23<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:math>,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><mml:mi>b<\/mml:mi><mml:mi>l<\/mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>a<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">O<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">X<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">A<\/mml:mi><mml:mtext>-<\/mml:mtext><mml:mn mathvariant=\"normal\">24<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:math>,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\"><mml:mi>b<\/mml:mi><mml:mi>l<\/mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>a<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">O<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">X<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">A<\/mml:mi><mml:mtext>-<\/mml:mtext><mml:mn mathvariant=\"normal\">51<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:math>,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M6\"><mml:mi>b<\/mml:mi><mml:mi>l<\/mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>a<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">O<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">X<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">A<\/mml:mi><mml:mtext>-<\/mml:mtext><mml:mn mathvariant=\"normal\">58<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:math>, and ISA<jats:italic>ba<\/jats:italic>1 genes. All isolates were resistant to ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, and cefotaxime. All of the isolates revealed susceptibility to polymyxin B and colistin. Ninety-six percent of the isolates were extensive drug resistance (XDR), 5.6% extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), and 54.8% metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL). All isolates were positive for<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M7\"><mml:mi>b<\/mml:mi><mml:mi>l<\/mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>a<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">O<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">X<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">A<\/mml:mi><mml:mtext>-<\/mml:mtext><mml:mn mathvariant=\"normal\">51<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:math>and ISA<jats:italic>ba<\/jats:italic>1.<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M8\"><mml:mi>b<\/mml:mi><mml:mi>l<\/mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>a<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">O<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">X<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">A<\/mml:mi><mml:mtext>-<\/mml:mtext><mml:mn mathvariant=\"normal\">23<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:math>,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M9\"><mml:mo>\u2009<\/mml:mo><mml:mo>\u2009<\/mml:mo><mml:mi>b<\/mml:mi><mml:mi>l<\/mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>a<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">O<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">X<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">A<\/mml:mi><mml:mtext>-<\/mml:mtext><mml:mn mathvariant=\"normal\">24<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:math>, and<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M10\"><mml:mi>b<\/mml:mi><mml:mi>l<\/mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>a<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">O<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">X<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">A<\/mml:mi><mml:mtext>-<\/mml:mtext><mml:mn mathvariant=\"normal\">58<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:math>were found in 79.8%, 25%, and 3.2%, respectively. The frequency rate of<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M11\"><mml:mi>b<\/mml:mi><mml:mi>l<\/mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>a<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">P<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">E<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">R<\/mml:mi><mml:mtext>-<\/mml:mtext><mml:mn mathvariant=\"normal\">1<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:math>gene was 52.4%. Multidrug resistant<jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>isolates are increasing in our setting and extensively limit therapeutic options. The high rate presence of class D carbapenemase-encoding genes, mainly<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M12\"><mml:mi>b<\/mml:mi><mml:mi>l<\/mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>a<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">O<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">X<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">A<\/mml:mi><mml:mtext>-<\/mml:mtext><mml:mn mathvariant=\"normal\">23<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:math>carbapenemases, is worrying and alarming as an emerging threat in our hospital.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/957259","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,31]],"date-time":"2015-12-31T21:05:38Z","timestamp":1451595938000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Susceptibility Pattern and Distribution of Oxacillinases and<i>bla<\/i><sub>PER-1<\/sub>Genes among Multidrug Resistant<i>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/i>in a Teaching Hospital in Iran"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2015","author":[{"given":"Sareh","family":"Bagheri Josheghani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan 87159 85191, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rezvan","family":"Moniri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan 87159 85191, Iran"},{"name":"Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan 87159 85191, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farzaneh","family":"Firoozeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan 87159 85191, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mojtaba","family":"Sehat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan 87159 85191, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasaman","family":"Dasteh Goli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2012.09.008","volume":"41","year":"2013","journal-title":"International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01464-06"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkl509"},{"key":"4","year":"2011"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/528867"},{"issue":"3","key":"6","first-page":"182","volume":"20","year":"2012","journal-title":"Infezioni in Medicina"},{"issue":"4","key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.JJID.2008.274","volume":"61","year":"2008","journal-title":"Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.femsle.2005.01.005"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-50-7-642"},{"issue":"2","key":"10","first-page":"162","volume":"13","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Research in Health Sciences"},{"issue":"2","key":"11","first-page":"63","volume":"39","year":"2010","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"12","first-page":"5195","volume":"5","year":"2013","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"13","first-page":"315","volume":"5","year":"2013","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology"},{"issue":"11","key":"14","first-page":"832","volume":"13","year":"2011","journal-title":"Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0377-4929.64333"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00778-06"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2009.11.020"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2013.12.004"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.00117-13"},{"key":"20","first-page":"35","volume":"16","year":"2010","journal-title":"Emerging Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"3","key":"21","first-page":"265","volume":"32","year":"2009","journal-title":"New Microbiologica"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2011.0077"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2012.02.014"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.47.5.1749-1751.2003"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pathogens"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jpath\/2015\/957259.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jpath\/2015\/957259.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jpath\/2015\/957259.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]],"date-time":"2024-06-13T14:50:04Z","timestamp":1718290204000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/jpath\/2015\/957259\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"references-count":24,"alternative-id":["957259","957259"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2015\/957259","relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-3057","2090-3065"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-3057","type":"print"},{"value":"2090-3065","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015]]}}}