{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T00:59:49Z","timestamp":1779238789848,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000856","name":"Colt Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000856","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000276","name":"Department of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000276","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>. The clinical relevance of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), detected by liquid more than solid culture in sputum specimens from a South African mining workforce, is uncertain. We aimed to describe the current spectrum and relevance of NTM in this population.<jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. An observational study including individuals with sputum NTM isolates, recruited at workforce tuberculosis screening and routine clinics. Symptom questionnaires were administered at the time of sputum collection and clinical records and chest radiographs reviewed retrospectively.<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. Of 232 individuals included (228 (98%) male, median age 44 years),<jats:italic>M. gordonae<\/jats:italic>(60 individuals),<jats:italic>M. kansasii<\/jats:italic>(50), and<jats:italic>M. avium<\/jats:italic>complex (MAC: 38) were the commonest species. Of 38 MAC isolates, only 2 (5.3%) were from smear-positive sputum specimens and 30\/38 grew in liquid but not solid culture. MAC was especially prevalent among symptomatic, HIV-positive individuals. HIV prevalence was high: 57\/74 (77%) among those tested. No differences were found in probability of death or medical separation by NTM species.<jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>M. gordonae, M. kansasii<\/jats:italic>, and MAC were the commonest NTM among miners with suspected tuberculosis, with most MAC from smear-negative specimens in liquid culture only. HIV testing and identification of key pathogenic NTM in this setting are essential to ensure optimal treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/959107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,28]],"date-time":"2015-05-28T21:08:02Z","timestamp":1432847282000},"page":"1-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Clinical Relevance of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Isolated from Sputum in a Gold Mining Workforce in South Africa: An Observational, Clinical Study"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2015","author":[{"given":"Clare L.","family":"van Halsema","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Violet N.","family":"Chihota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Aurum Institute, Postnet Suite No. 300, Private Bag X30500, Houghton, Johannesburg 2041, South 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