{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T20:28:58Z","timestamp":1740169738555,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"abstract":"Background.<\/jats:italic>Foodstuff traders operating from warehouses (FTFW) are potentially exposed to dangerous rodenticides\/pesticides that may have adverse effects on cardiopulmonary function.Methods.<\/jats:italic>Fifty consenting male foodstuff traders, comprising 15 traders (21\u201363 years) operating outside warehouses and 35 FTFW (20\u201364 years), were randomly recruited at Ogbete Market, Enugu, in a cross-sectional observational study of spirometric and electrocardiographic parameters. Seventeen FTFW (21\u201357 years) participated in focus group discussions. Qualitative and quantitative data were analysed thematically and with independentt<\/jats:italic>-test and Pearson correlation coefficient atp<\/mml:mi><<\/mml:mo>0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>, respectively.Results.<\/jats:italic>Most FTFW experienced respiratory symptoms, especially dry cough (97.1%) and wheezing (31.4%) with significant reductions in forced vital capacity (FVC) (t<\/mml:mi>=<\/mml:mo>-<\/mml:mo>2.654<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>;p<\/mml:mi>=<\/mml:mo>0.011<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1<\/jats:sub>) (t<\/mml:mi>=<\/mml:mo>-<\/mml:mo>2.240<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>;p<\/mml:mi>=<\/mml:mo>0.030<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>), maximum expiratory flow rate (F<\/mml:mi>E<\/mml:mi>F<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow>200<\/mml:mn>\u2013<\/mml:mtext>1200<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) (t<\/mml:mi>=<\/mml:mo>-<\/mml:mo>1.148<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>;p<\/mml:mi>=<\/mml:mo>-<\/mml:mo>0.047<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>), and forced end-expiratory flow (F<\/mml:mi>E<\/mml:mi>F<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow>75<\/mml:mn>\u2013<\/mml:mtext>85<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) (t<\/mml:mi>=<\/mml:mo>-<\/mml:mo>1.11<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>;p<\/mml:mi>=<\/mml:mo>0.007<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). The maximum mid-expiratory flow (F<\/mml:mi>E<\/mml:mi>F<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow>25<\/mml:mn>\u2013<\/mml:mtext>75<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) was marginally decreased (p<\/mml:mi>><\/mml:mo>0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) with a significantly prolonged (p<\/mml:mi><<\/mml:mo>0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) QTc interval.Conclusion.<\/jats:italic>Allergic response was evident in the FTFW. Significant decrease in FVC may negatively impact lung flow rates and explains the marginal decrease inF<\/mml:mi>E<\/mml:mi>F<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow>25<\/mml:mn>\u2013<\/mml:mtext>75<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>, which implies a relative limitation in airflow of peripheral\/distal airways and elastic recoil of the lungs. This is consistent with obstructive pulmonary disease; a significant decrease inF<\/mml:mi>E<\/mml:mi>F<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow>75<\/mml:mn>\u2013<\/mml:mtext>85<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>\/FEV1<\/jats:sub>supports this conclusion. Significant decrease inF<\/mml:mi>E<\/mml:mi>F<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow>200<\/mml:mn>\u2013<\/mml:mtext>1200<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>indicates abnormalities in the large airways\/larynx just as significantly prolonged ventricular repolarization suggests cardiac arrhythmias.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/1081258","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,28]],"date-time":"2016-12-28T16:02:01Z","timestamp":1482940921000},"page":"1-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evidence of Allergic Reactions and Cardiopulmonary Impairments among Traders Operating from Foodstuff Warehouses"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2016","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1120-6525","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sam","family":"Ibeneme","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria"},{"name":"Clinical Trial Consortium University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria"},{"name":"UNIRED Research Group, Hochschule Hannover (University of Applied Sciences and Arts), Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Viola","family":"Egbosionu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georgian","family":"Ibeneme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences & Technology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amarachi","family":"Ezuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Trial Consortium University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria"},{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku\/Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Theresa","family":"Ettu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Open University of Nigeria, Owerri Study Centre, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Nwankwo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Anambra State, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dnyanesh","family":"Limaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNIRED Research Group, Hochschule Hannover (University of Applied Sciences and Arts), Hannover, Germany"},{"name":"German UNESCO Unit on Bioethics, Fakult\u00e4t III-Medien, Information und Design, Hochschule Hannover (University of Applied Sciences and Arts), Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Nna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Safety Molecular Laboratory, Rangers Avenue, Independence Layout, Enugu, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"1","first-page":"62","volume":"1","year":"2005","journal-title":"The Built Environment Journal of international Institute for Building Research (IIBR)"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2013.11.038"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2012.10.022"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0034-89102008000200015"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10668-010-9281-5"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-10-1825-1"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cropro.2013.07.013"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2007.10.028"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19338244.2011.598891"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.328.7430.42"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-7-357"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0163-7258(93)90066-m"},{"first-page":"205","volume-title":"Health effects of agricultural pesticides","year":"2016","key":"13"},{"volume-title":"Cardiopulmonary implications of specific diseases","year":"2016","key":"14"},{"volume":"78","journal-title":"Essentials of Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy","year":"2016","key":"15"},{"volume":"19, article 11","journal-title":"Antifungal Therapy","year":"2016","key":"17"},{"first-page":"183","volume-title":"Occupational respiratory disease: hypersensitivity pneumo-nitis and other forms of interstitial lung disease","year":"2016","key":"18"},{"key":"19","first-page":"527","volume":"93","year":"1978","journal-title":"The American Journal of Pathology"},{"journal-title":"Cuff C. Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue. Encyclopedia of Immunotoxicology","first-page":"642","year":"2016","key":"20"},{"issue":"2","key":"21","first-page":"526","volume":"93","year":"1978","journal-title":"American Journal of Pathology"},{"issue":"2","key":"22","first-page":"132","volume":"12","year":"2015","journal-title":"World Journal of Medical Sciences"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-101-2-157"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10807039.2012.652472"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cropro.2014.10.013"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s1742170509002567"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2016.04.006"},{"key":"28","first-page":"1","volume":"4","year":"1969","journal-title":"Monographs in Allergy"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(82)90118-x"},{"issue":"1","key":"30","first-page":"11","volume":"121","year":"1980","journal-title":"American Review of Respiratory Disease"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.75.4.461"},{"issue":"3","key":"32","first-page":"187","volume":"9","year":"1990","journal-title":"West African Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2005.021634"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.04.00014304"},{"key":"36","first-page":"575","volume":"3","year":"2000","journal-title":"The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"37","volume":"33","year":"2015","journal-title":"Egyptian Journal of Community Medicine"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"38","first-page":"79","volume":"20","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nigerian Journal of Physiological Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"39","first-page":"158","volume":"2","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bioresearch Communications"},{"year":"2004","key":"40"},{"key":"41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00184010"},{"key":"42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02069-12"},{"issue":"3","key":"43","first-page":"25","volume":"3","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Natural Sciences Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"44","first-page":"3","volume":"1","year":"2005","journal-title":"The Built Environment Journal of International Institute for Building Research (IIBR)"},{"issue":"3","key":"45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1080\/09709274.2008.11906079","volume":"23","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Human Ecology"},{"key":"46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.157.5.rsaa-2"},{"key":"47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3399\/bjgp16x686965"},{"key":"48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/146.2.413"},{"key":"49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.58.10.656"},{"key":"50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.153.6.8665054"},{"issue":"3","key":"51","first-page":"469","volume":"15","year":"1979","journal-title":"Clinical Respiratory Physiology"},{"key":"52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h3021"},{"issue":"4","key":"53","first-page":"126","year":"1991","journal-title":"Lung India"},{"key":"54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0895-7061(02)02945-x"},{"key":"55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.7579"},{"key":"57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.01109s4523"},{"key":"58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2008.06.003"},{"key":"59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.103.20.2447"},{"key":"60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08958370802492407"},{"issue":"4","key":"61","first-page":"533","volume":"109","year":"2001","journal-title":"Environmental Health Perspectives"}],"container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2016\/1081258.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2016\/1081258.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2016\/1081258.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,16]],"date-time":"2019-09-16T21:29:06Z","timestamp":1568669346000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2016\/1081258\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"references-count":58,"alternative-id":["1081258","1081258"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2016\/1081258","relation":{},"ISSN":["2314-6133","2314-6141"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2314-6133"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2314-6141"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016]]}}}