{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T09:17:16Z","timestamp":1789636636276,"version":"4.0.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,7]],"date-time":"2016-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1481068800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":341,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Paullinia cupana<\/jats:italic>(Guarana) is a native plant of Amazon region that has very traditional importance. Its seeds are rich in bioactive compounds, including tannins, which exhibit relevant properties.<jats:italic>Objective.<\/jats:italic>This study aimed to evaluate antibacterial, antineoplastic, and immunomodulatory activity of<jats:italic>P. cupana<\/jats:italic>seeds crude extract (CE) and ethyl\u2010acetate fraction (EAF).<jats:italic>Methods.<\/jats:italic>Antibacterial activity was evaluated by determination of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC). Antineoplastic activity was evaluated by MTT assays in hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), breast adenocarcinoma (MCF\u20107), ductal carcinoma (T47\u2010D), non\u2010Hodgkin\u2019s B cell lymphoma (Toledo), T cell leukemia (Jukart), and Acute Leukemia (HL\u201060) cell lines. BALB\/c mice splenocytes were treated to assess IFN\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>, IL\u20106, IL\u201017, and IL\u201010 levels by sandwich ELISA.<jats:italic>Results.<\/jats:italic>CE and EAF were not toxic to peripheral blood cells and splenocytes. CE and EAF fractions showed a bacteriostatic activity (MIC = 250\u2009<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/mL) and presented IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>values of 70.25\u2009<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/mL and 61.18\u2009<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/mL in HL\u201060 leukemia cell line. All cytokines evaluated had their levels reduced after treatment, following dose\u2010response model.<jats:italic>Discussion and Conclusion.<\/jats:italic>Different biological activities were observed for both CE and EAF, suggesting<jats:italic>P. cupana<\/jats:italic>as a source of bioactive substances, especially tannins that may be used for several diseases treatments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/1203274","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,7]],"date-time":"2016-12-07T21:01:21Z","timestamp":1481144481000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Evaluation of Antibacterial, Antineoplastic, and Immunomodulatory Activity of<i>Paullinia cupana<\/i>Seeds Crude Extract and Ethyl\u2010Acetate Fraction"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2016","author":[{"given":"Lidiane Vasconcelos do Nascimento","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina Ferraz","family":"Cordeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thiago Ubiratan Lins","family":"e Lins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Clara Pinheiro Duarte","family":"Sampaio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela Souto Vieira","family":"de Mello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Val\u00e9cia de Cassia Mendon\u00e7a","family":"da Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leila Larisa Medeiros","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Traudi","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Carlos Palazzo","family":"de Mello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabella Mac\u00e1rio Ferro","family":"Cavalcanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan da Rocha","family":"Pitta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5881-0338","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maira","family":"Galdino da Rocha Pitta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1883-6012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Moacyr Jesus Barreto de Melo","family":"R\u00eago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2015.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.08.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0378-8741(97)00141-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2005.05.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/12081950"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2007.01.074"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0378-8741(96)01506-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_2","first-page":"535","article-title":"A novel property of an aqueous guarana extract (Paullinia cupana): inhibition of platelet aggregation in vitro and in vivo","volume":"21","author":"Bydlowski S. 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