{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]],"date-time":"2024-03-14T04:31:59Z","timestamp":1710390719222},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Hindawi Limited","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mobile Information Systems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Education plays a vital role in the success of any community. Countries with increased literacy rate have improved their status on the world map. In recent years, the use of e-learning methodologies has been significant. However, majority of the previous methodologies are focused on the formal education or toddlers. The technoliteracy solutions for children are not suitable for adults and those designed specifically for adults are text dominant and require the users of these applications to be functional literate. Moreover, users\u2019 interest (sense of belonging) is not taken into consideration in existing solutions. To address the aforementioned issues, a user study is conducted to collect users\u2019 interests. Another highlight of our study is that we develop our system as a mobile device application to facilitate our target user group. Based on the collected interests, a 3D virtual learning environment is designed and developed for adult illiterate learners. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed environment, an experimental study is carried out with users. The results show that the proposed learning environment significantly improves adults learning.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/1841287","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,7]],"date-time":"2016-02-07T21:00:34Z","timestamp":1454878834000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Mobile Based User-Centered Learning Environment for Adult Absolute Illiterates"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2016","author":[{"given":"Inayat","family":"ur-Rehman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Azra","family":"Shamim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tamim Ahmed","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Software Engineering, Bahria University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manzoor","family":"Elahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sajjad","family":"Mohsin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"98","reference":[{"key":"25","year":"2008"},{"key":"11","year":"2011"},{"key":"26","year":"2008"},{"key":"29","volume-title":"Adult reading acquisition","year":"1999"},{"key":"31","year":"2010"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10494820500173714"},{"issue":"5","key":"27","first-page":"24","volume":"43","year":"2008","journal-title":"EDUCAUSE Review"},{"issue":"4","key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1037\/h0054346","volume":"50","year":"1943","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2010.06.005"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2013.09.005"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2012.11.019"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/dcse-2013-0006"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0146167213499186"},{"key":"3","first-page":"43","volume":"23","year":"1991","journal-title":"The Minnesota Symposia on Child Development: Self-Processes and Development"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3102\/00346543059002117"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3102\/00346543070003323"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1520-6807(199301)30:1<79::aid-pits2310300113>3.0.co;2-x"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbspro.2011.04.029"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbspro.2013.12.014"},{"issue":"1","key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.19173\/irrodl.v11i1.794","volume":"11","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning"}],"container-title":["Mobile Information Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/misy\/2016\/1841287.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/misy\/2016\/1841287.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/misy\/2016\/1841287.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,4]],"date-time":"2019-09-04T10:13:21Z","timestamp":1567592001000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/misy\/2016\/1841287\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"references-count":20,"alternative-id":["1841287","1841287"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2016\/1841287","relation":{},"ISSN":["1574-017X","1875-905X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1574-017X","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-905X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016]]}}}