{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T22:37:15Z","timestamp":1791326235351,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Hindawi Limited","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mediators of Inflammation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Neuroimmune dysregulation is a common phenomenon in different forms of central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Cross-links between central and peripheral immune mechanisms appear to be disrupted as reflected by a series of immune markers (CD3, CD4, CD7, HLA-DR, CD25, CD28, and CD56) which show variability in brain disorders such as anxiety, depression, psychosis, stroke, Alzheimer\u2019s disease, Parkinson\u2019s disease, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, migraine, epilepsy, vascular dementia, mental retardation, cerebrovascular encephalopathy, multiple sclerosis, brain tumors, cranial nerve neuropathies, mental retardation, and posttraumatic brain injury. Histamine (HA) is a pleiotropic monoamine involved in several neurophysiological functions, neuroimmune regulation, and CNS pathogenesis. Changes in brain HA show an age- and sex-related pattern, and alterations in brain HA levels are present in different CNS regions of patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD). Brain HA in neuronal and nonneuronal compartments plays a dual role (neurotrophic versus neurotoxic) in a tissue-specific manner. Pathogenic mechanisms associated with neuroimmune dysregulation in AD involve HA, interleukin-1<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>, and TNF-<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>, whose aberrant expression contributes to neuroinflammation as an aggravating factor for neurodegeneration and premature neuronal death.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/1924603","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,13]],"date-time":"2016-04-13T21:02:35Z","timestamp":1460581355000},"page":"1-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Histamine and Immune Biomarkers in CNS Disorders"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2016","author":[{"given":"Ram\u00f3n","family":"Cacabelos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair of Genomic Medicine, Camilo Jos\u00e9 Cela University, C\/Castillo de Alarc\u00f3n 49, Villanueva de la Ca\u00f1ada, 28692 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, Institute for CNS Disorders and Genomic Medicine, Santa Marta de Babio, Bergondo, 15165 Corunna, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clara","family":"Torrellas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, Institute for CNS Disorders and Genomic Medicine, Santa Marta de Babio, Bergondo, 15165 Corunna, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luc\u00eda","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Novoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, Institute for CNS Disorders and Genomic Medicine, Santa Marta de Babio, Bergondo, 15165 Corunna, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"L\u00f3pez-Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair of Genomic Medicine, Camilo Jos\u00e9 Cela University, C\/Castillo de Alarc\u00f3n 49, Villanueva de la Ca\u00f1ada, 28692 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Research Institute (i+12), Avenida de C\u00f3rdoba, s\/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"98","reference":[{"key":"1","year":"1991"},{"key":"2","first-page":"241","volume-title":"Histaminergic regulation of the neuroendocrine system","year":"1990"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4328(01)00215-7"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14728220903188438"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12991-014-0034-y"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612822666151209150954"},{"key":"7","first-page":"147","volume":"3","year":"1992","journal-title":"Annals of Psychiatry"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0006858"},{"key":"9","first-page":"9","volume":"3","year":"1985","journal-title":"Biogenic Amines"},{"issue":"5","key":"10","first-page":"341","volume":"12","year":"1990","journal-title":"Methods and Findings in Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0809479105"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-014-8697-6"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.22812"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000363041"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2015.07.002"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2014.12.008"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.13030"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0128175"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2015.12.014"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2015.06.003"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2014.10.019"},{"key":"23","first-page":"271","volume":"25","year":"1986","journal-title":"Bulletin of the Japanese Neurochemical Society"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1620\/tjem.151.429"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000124761"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/bf01996479"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/bf01630488"},{"issue":"5","key":"28","first-page":"353","volume":"11","year":"1989","journal-title":"Methods and Findings in Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology"},{"issue":"2","key":"29","first-page":"141","volume":"16","year":"1994","journal-title":"Methods and Findings in Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology"},{"issue":"10","key":"30","first-page":"703","volume":"13","year":"1991","journal-title":"Methods and Findings in Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02815005"},{"key":"32","first-page":"233","volume":"3","year":"1992","journal-title":"Annals of Psychiatry"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1993.tb23076.x"},{"issue":"4","key":"34","first-page":"279","volume":"16","year":"1994","journal-title":"Methods and Findings in Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology"},{"key":"35","first-page":"329","volume":"3","year":"1992","journal-title":"Annals of Psychiatry"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1527-3458.1997.tb00323.x"},{"issue":"10","key":"37","first-page":"735","volume":"15","year":"1993","journal-title":"Methods and Findings in Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology"},{"issue":"1","key":"38","first-page":"5","volume":"19","year":"1997","journal-title":"Methods and Findings in Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology"},{"key":"39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1358\/mf.1998.20.5.485697"},{"key":"40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4547(19981115)54:4<539::AID-JNR11>3.0.CO;2-Q"},{"key":"41","first-page":"1","volume":"27","year":"2005","journal-title":"Methods and Findings in Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology"},{"key":"42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1358\/mf.2004.26.7.863735"},{"key":"44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-140291"},{"key":"45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1567205010666131212110148"},{"key":"46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1187271"},{"key":"47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1182364"},{"key":"48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08780"},{"key":"49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci76468"},{"key":"50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/atvbaha.115.305282"},{"key":"51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.3A0214-106R"},{"key":"52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.3A0514-254RR"},{"key":"53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2014.11.002"}],"container-title":["Mediators of Inflammation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/mi\/2016\/1924603.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/mi\/2016\/1924603.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/mi\/2016\/1924603.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,10]],"date-time":"2017-01-10T21:03:41Z","timestamp":1484082221000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/mi\/2016\/1924603\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"references-count":51,"alternative-id":["1924603","1924603"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2016\/1924603","relation":{},"ISSN":["0962-9351","1466-1861"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0962-9351","type":"print"},{"value":"1466-1861","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016]]}}}