{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T21:53:54Z","timestamp":1740174834876,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003621","name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IITP-2015-H8501-15-1019","2015B30614"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IITP-2015-H8501-15-1019","2015B30614"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003621","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["IITP-2015-H8501-15-1019","2015B30614"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IITP-2015-H8501-15-1019","2015B30614"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mobile Information Systems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Massive multiple input, multiple output (M-MIMO) technologies have been proposed to scale up data rates reaching gigabits per second in the forthcoming 5G mobile communications systems. However, one of crucial constraints is a dimension in space to implement the M-MIMO. To cope with the space constraint and to utilize more flexibility in 3D beamforming (3D-BF), we propose antenna polarization in M-MIMO systems. In this paper, we design a polarized M-MIMO (PM-MIMO) system associated with 3D-BF applications, where the system architectures for diversity and multiplexing technologies achieved by polarized 3D beams are provided. Different from the conventional 3D-BF achieved by planar M-MIMO technology to control the downtilted beam in a vertical domain, the proposed PM-MIMO realizes 3D-BF via the linear combination of polarized beams. In addition, an effective array selection scheme is proposed to optimize the beam-width and to enhance system performance by the exploration of diversity and multiplexing gains; and a blind channel estimation (BCE) approach is also proposed to avoid pilot contamination in PM-MIMO. Based on the Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A) specification, the simulation results finally confirm the validity of our proposals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/2318287","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,4]],"date-time":"2016-01-04T21:01:26Z","timestamp":1451941286000},"page":"1-15","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Diversity and Multiplexing Technologies by 3D Beams in Polarized Massive MIMO Systems"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2016","author":[{"given":"Xin","family":"Su","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Internet of Things (IOT) Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou 213022, China"}]},{"given":"KyungHi","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electronic Engineering Department, Inha University, Incheon 402751, Republic of Korea"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2010.092810.091092"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2012.072512.111850"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/jsac.2013.130205"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/jsac.2012.120401"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tcomm.2013.020413.110848"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/mcom.2011.5978416"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/twc.2014.2320914"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/twc.2012.090312.111998"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tit.2011.2161952"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/371236"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tap.2011.2152319"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/764507"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2008.081323"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sigpro.2008.11.005"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/jstsp.2014.2317671"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2011.060711.101155"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2007.897639"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tsp.2002.1011210"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/619304"}],"container-title":["Mobile Information Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/misy\/2016\/2318287.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/misy\/2016\/2318287.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/misy\/2016\/2318287.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,16]],"date-time":"2020-05-16T08:21:57Z","timestamp":1589617317000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/misy\/2016\/2318287\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"references-count":19,"alternative-id":["2318287","2318287"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2016\/2318287","relation":{},"ISSN":["1574-017X","1875-905X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1574-017X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1875-905X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016]]}}}