{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T22:28:18Z","timestamp":1767652098830,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Case Reports in Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>. Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia (FHH) result in different maternal and fetal complications in pregnancy. Calcium to creatinine clearance ratio (CCCR) is commonly used to help distinguish these two conditions. Physiological changes in calcium handling during pregnancy and lactation can alter CCCR, making it a less useful tool to distinguish PHPT from FHH.<jats:italic> Cases<\/jats:italic>. A 25-year-old female presented with hypercalcemia and an inappropriately normal PTH. Her CCCR was 0.79% before pregnancy and rose to 1.99% in her second trimester. The proband\u2019s mother and neonate had asymptomatic hypercalcemia. Genetic analysis revealed a CaSR mutation consistent with FHH. A 19-year-old female presented with a history of nephrolithiasis who underwent emergent caesarean section at 29 weeks of gestation for severe preeclampsia. At delivery, she was diagnosed with hypercalcemia with an inappropriately normal PTH and a CCCR of 2.67%, which fell to 0.88% during lactation. Parathyroidectomy cured her hypercalcemia. Pathology confirmed a parathyroid adenoma.<jats:italic> Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. These cases illustrate the influence of pregnancy and lactation on renal calcium indices, such as the CCCR. To avoid diagnostic error of women with hypercalcemia during pregnancy and lactation, calcium biochemistry of first-degree relatives and genetic testing of select patients are recommended.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/2725486","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,9]],"date-time":"2016-11-09T16:00:28Z","timestamp":1478707228000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["The Biochemical Profile of Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia and Primary Hyperparathyroidism during Pregnancy and Lactation: Two Case Reports and Review of the Literature"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2016","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7257-1473","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"S. A.","family":"Ghaznavi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N. M. A.","family":"Saad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8911-8192","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"L. E.","family":"Donovan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2011.07.001"},{"first-page":"877","volume-title":"Parathyroid Function and disease during pregnancy, lactation, and fetal\/neonatal development","year":"2015","key":"2"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2011.08.002"},{"first-page":"365","volume-title":"Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia and neonatal severe hyperparathyroidism","year":"2015","key":"4"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-1413"},{"key":"6","first-page":"158","volume":"3","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gland Surgery"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2011.12.004"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0002-9610(98)00302-x"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-1758"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(76)90127-6"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-0012"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-11-0528"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006254-199504000-00028"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-013-9980-4"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/eje-13-0966"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-2834"}],"container-title":["Case Reports in Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/crie\/2016\/2725486.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/crie\/2016\/2725486.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/crie\/2016\/2725486.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,9]],"date-time":"2016-11-09T16:00:28Z","timestamp":1478707228000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/crie\/2016\/2725486\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"references-count":16,"alternative-id":["2725486","2725486"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2016\/2725486","relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-6501","2090-651X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2090-6501"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2090-651X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016]]}}}