{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T22:49:16Z","timestamp":1785797356167,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/jats:italic>is an unusual zoonotic pathogen that can cause life-threatening diseases in susceptible hosts. Twelve patients with<jats:italic>R. equi<\/jats:italic>infection in Kentucky were compared to 137 cases reported in the literature. Although lungs were the primary sites of infection in immunocompromised patients, extrapulmonary involvement only was more common in immunocompetent patients (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.0001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). Mortality in<jats:italic>R. equi<\/jats:italic>-infected HIV patients was lower in the HAART era (8%) than in pre-HAART era (56%) (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.0001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>), suggesting that HAART improves prognosis in these patients. Most (85\u2013100%) of clinical isolates were susceptible to vancomycin, clarithromycin, rifampin, aminoglycosides, ciprofloxacin, and imipenem. Interestingly, there was a marked difference in susceptibility of the isolates to cotrimoxazole between Europe (35\/76) and the US (15\/15) (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.0001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). Empiric treatment of<jats:italic>R. equi<\/jats:italic>infection should include a combination of two antibiotics, preferably selected from vancomycin, imipenem, clarithromycin\/azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, rifampin, or cotrimoxazole. Local antibiograms should be checked prior to using cotrimoxazole due to developing resistance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/2737295","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,10]],"date-time":"2016-08-10T17:02:34Z","timestamp":1470848554000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Differences in<i>Rhodococcus equi<\/i>Infections Based on Immune Status and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Clinical Isolates in a Case Series of 12 Patients and Cases in the Literature"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2016","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4223-0712","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Praveen","family":"Gundelly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuhiro","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, 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