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We aimed to study optic radiation DTI changes over 12 months following acute ON and to study correlations between DTI parameters and damage to the optic nerve and primary visual cortex (V1). We measured DTI parameters [fractional anisotropy (FA), axial diffusivity (AD), radial diffusivity (RD), and mean diffusivity (MD)] from the optic radiations of 38 acute ON patients at presentation and 6 and 12 months after acute ON. In addition, we measured retinal nerve fibre layer thickness, visual evoked potential amplitude, optic radiation lesion load, and V1 thickness. At baseline, FA was reduced and RD and MD were increased compared to control. Over 12 months, FA reduced in patients at an average rate of \u22122.6% per annum (control = \u22120.51%;<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.006<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). Change in FA, RD, and MD correlated with V1 thinning over 12 months (FA:<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mi>R<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.450<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.006<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>; RD:<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><mml:mi>R<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mo>-<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.428<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.009<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>; MD:<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M6\"><mml:mi>R<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mo>-<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.365<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M7\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.029<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). In patients with no optic radiation lesions, AD significantly correlated with RNFL thinning at 12 months (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M8\"><mml:mi>R<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.489<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M9\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.039<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). In conclusion, DTI can detect optic radiation changes over 12 months following acute ON that correlate with optic nerve and V1 damage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/2764538","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,31]],"date-time":"2016-07-31T17:01:12Z","timestamp":1469984472000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Serial Diffusion Tensor Imaging of the Optic Radiations after Acute Optic Neuritis"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2016","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4685-1380","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Scott C.","family":"Kolbe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia"},{"name":"Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anneke van 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