{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T14:23:46Z","timestamp":1790778226861,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Klinefelter syndrome (KS) has long-term consequences on bone health. However, studies regarding bone status and metabolism during childhood and adolescence are very rare.\n                    <jats:italic>Patients<\/jats:italic>\n                    . This cross-sectional study involved 40 (mean age:\n                    <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\">\n                      <mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">13.7<\/mml:mn>\n                      <mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo>\n                      <mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">3.8<\/mml:mn>\n                    <\/mml:math>\n                    years) KS children and adolescents and 80 age-matched healthy subjects. For both patient and control groups, we evaluated serum levels of ionised and total calcium, phosphate, total testosterone, luteinising hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, parathyroid hormone (PTH), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, osteocalcin, bone alkaline phosphatase, and urinary deoxypyridinoline concentrations. We also calculated the\n                    <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\n                    -scores of the phalangeal amplitude-dependent speed of sound (AD-SoS) and the bone transmission time (BTT).\n                    <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>\n                    . KS children and adolescents showed significantly reduced AD-SoS (\n                    <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\">\n                      <mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi>\n                      <mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo>\n                      <mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.005<\/mml:mn>\n                    <\/mml:math>\n                    ) and BTT (\n                    <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\">\n                      <mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi>\n                      <mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo>\n                      <mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.0005<\/mml:mn>\n                    <\/mml:math>\n                    )\n                    <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\n                    -scores compared to the controls. However, KS patients presented significantly higher PTH (\n                    <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\">\n                      <mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi>\n                      <mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo>\n                      <mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.0001<\/mml:mn>\n                    <\/mml:math>\n                    ) and significantly lower 25(OH)D (\n                    <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\">\n                      <mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi>\n                      <mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo>\n                      <mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.0001<\/mml:mn>\n                    <\/mml:math>\n                    ), osteocalcin (\n                    <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M6\">\n                      <mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi>\n                      <mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo>\n                      <mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.05<\/mml:mn>\n                    <\/mml:math>\n                    ), and bone alkaline phosphatase levels (\n                    <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M7\">\n                      <mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi>\n                      <mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo>\n                      <mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.005<\/mml:mn>\n                    <\/mml:math>\n                    ). Interestingly, these metabolic bone disorders were already present in the prepubertal subjects.\n                    <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>\n                    . KS children and adolescents exhibited impaired bone mineral status and metabolism with higher PTH levels and a significant reduction of 25-OH-D and bone formation markers. Interestingly, this impairment was already evident in prepubertal KS patients. Follow-ups should be scheduled with KS patients to investigate and ameliorate bone mineral status and metabolism until the prepubertal ages.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/3032759","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,16]],"date-time":"2016-06-16T20:28:47Z","timestamp":1466108927000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Bone Mineral Status in Children and Adolescents with Klinefelter Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2016","author":[{"given":"Stefano","family":"Stagi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Anna Meyer Children\u2019s University Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariarosaria","family":"Di Tommaso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Careggi Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Manoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Anna Meyer Children\u2019s University Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Perla","family":"Scalini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Anna Meyer Children\u2019s University Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Chiarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Verrotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, University of L\u2019Aquila, 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Lapi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Anna Meyer Children\u2019s University Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Giglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Anna Meyer Children\u2019s University Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Dosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Anna Meyer Children\u2019s University Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"de Martino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Anna Meyer Children\u2019s University Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"1","first-page":"209","volume":"26","year":"1990","journal-title":"Birth Defects: Original Article Series"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-021491"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/324835"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.05.026"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-0697"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.gim.0000095626.54201.d0"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-015-3136-8"},{"issue":"1","key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03401378","volume":"14","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hormones"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3349\/ymj.2013.54.6.1331"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2010.02138.x"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/8756-3282(86)90205-x"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2007.120675"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2272"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-10-0167"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/583039"},{"issue":"1","key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/39.1.136","volume":"39","year":"1984","journal-title":"The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar4525"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000281018"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.51.3.170"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-2354"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-010-1354-7"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-106-3-"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0950-351x(98)80210-3"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(83)90878-1"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0002-9343(05)80082-8"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.81.12.4358"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.170.2.9456958"},{"issue":"4","key":"28","first-page":"1","volume":"26","year":"1990","journal-title":"Birth Defects: Original Article Series"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/01.pdr.0000219386.31398.c3"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-65-1-53"},{"issue":"6","key":"31","first-page":"S30","volume":"6","year":"2004","journal-title":"Reviews in Urology"},{"issue":"4","key":"32","first-page":"276","volume":"22","year":"2002","journal-title":"Urologic Nursing"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1991.tb02698.x"},{"issue":"6","key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1136\/jim-50-06-05","volume":"50","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Investigative Medicine"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2003-0036"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-014-0187-1"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/382698"},{"key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0134986"},{"key":"39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(01)02160-3"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ije\/2016\/3032759.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ije\/2016\/3032759.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ije\/2016\/3032759.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,9]],"date-time":"2019-09-09T17:15:55Z","timestamp":1568049355000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/ije\/2016\/3032759\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["3032759","3032759"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2016\/3032759","relation":{},"ISSN":["1687-8337","1687-8345"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1687-8337","type":"print"},{"value":"1687-8345","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016]]}}}