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A comparison of BCG-mycobacterial loads in granuloma cells obtained from bone marrow and spleens of mice with latent tuberculous infection and cells from mouse bone marrow and peritoneal macrophage cultures infected with the BCG vaccine<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>has demonstrated that granuloma macrophages each normally contained a single BCG-<jats:italic>Mycobacterium<\/jats:italic>, while those acutely infected<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>had increased mycobacterial loads and death rates. Mouse granuloma cells were observed to produce the IFN<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>, IL-1<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>, GM-CSF, CD1d, CD25, CD31, \u0421D35, and S100 proteins. None of these activation markers were found in mouse cell cultures infected<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>or in intact macrophages. Lack of colocalization of lipoarabinomannan-labeled BCG-mycobacteria with the lysosomotropic LysoTracker dye in activated granuloma macrophages suggests that these macrophages were unable to destroy BCG-mycobacteria. However, activated mouse granuloma macrophages could control mycobacterial reproduction in cells both<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>and in<jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic>culture. By contrast, a considerable increase in the number of BCG-mycobacteria was observed in mouse bone marrow and peritoneal macrophages after BCG infection<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>, when no expression of the activation-related molecules was detected in these cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/4325646","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,15]],"date-time":"2016-03-15T21:01:04Z","timestamp":1458075664000},"page":"1-21","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Differences between<i>Mycobacterium<\/i>-Host Cell Relationships in Latent Tuberculous Infection of Mice<i>Ex Vivo<\/i>and Mycobacterial Infection of Mouse Cells<i>In Vitro<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2016","author":[{"given":"Elena","family":"Ufimtseva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Research Institute of Biochemistry, 2 Timakova Street, Novosibirsk 630117, 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