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The fact that lack of it might involve chronic inflammation and increased risk of cancer has been reported. Little is known about the mechanism of vitamin A deficiency in the development of colitis and its influence on development of colorectal cancer. To determine the influence of vitamin A deficiency on colitis and colorectal cancer development, an experimental study using a colitis mouse model was performed. Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) colitis was induced in vitamin A-deficient and vitamin A-supplemented mice. Further, colorectal carcinoma was induced by a combination of azoxymethane preinjection and DSS colitis. Results were compared between the two groups mainly by immunohistochemical analysis. Colitis was more severe and recovery from colitis was slower in vitamin A-deficient mice than in vitamin A-supplemented mice. Compared with vitamin A-supplemented mice, vitamin A-deficient mice had decreases in colonic subepithelial myofibroblasts and the ratio of mucosal IgA<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\/IgG<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>cells, increases in CD11c<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>dendritic cells, and a higher rate of development of colorectal carcinoma with colitis following azoxymethane. Vitamin A lipid droplets in subepithelial myofibroblasts were decreased in vitamin A-deficient mice, suggesting alterations in colonic crypt niche function. Thus, vitamin A inhibited colitis and the development of colorectal cancer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/4874809","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,20]],"date-time":"2016-05-20T04:01:40Z","timestamp":1463716900000},"page":"1-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Vitamin A Inhibits Development of Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis and Colon Cancer in a Mouse Model"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2016","author":[{"given":"Isao","family":"Okayasu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiyomi","family":"Hana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, 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