{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T06:03:00Z","timestamp":1785304980586,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Immunology Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Several extrinsic factors, like drugs and chemicals, can foster autoimmunity. Tetracyclines, in particular oxytetracycline (OTC), appear to correlate with the emergence of immune-mediated diseases. Accumulation of OTC, the elective drug for gastrointestinal and respiratory infectious disease treatment in broiler chickens, was reported in chicken edible tissues and could represent a potential risk for pets and humans that could assume this antibiotic as residue in meat or in meat-derived byproducts. We investigated the<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>anti-inflammatory properties of a pool of thirteen botanicals as a part of a nutraceutical diet, with proven immunomodulatory activity<jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic>In addition, we evaluated the effect of such botanicals in contrasting the<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>proinflammatory toxicity of OTC. Our results showed a significant reduction in interferon- (INF-)<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>production by human and canine lymphocytes in presence of botanicals (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>\u204e<\/mml:mo><\/mml:mrow><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). Increased INF-<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>production, dependent on 24-hour OTC-incubation of T lymphocytes, was significantly reduced by the coincubation with<jats:italic>Haematococcus pluvialis<\/jats:italic>, with<jats:italic>Glycine max<\/jats:italic>, and with the mix of all botanicals (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>\u204e<\/mml:mo><\/mml:mrow><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). In conclusion, the use of these botanicals was shown to be able to contrast OTC-toxicity and could represent a new approach for the development of functional foods useful to enhance the standard pharmacological treatment in infections as well as in preventing or reducing the emergence of inflammatory diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/5457010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,15]],"date-time":"2016-08-15T21:01:47Z","timestamp":1471294907000},"page":"1-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["<i>In Vitro<\/i>Effects of Some Botanicals with Anti-Inflammatory and Antitoxic Activity"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2016","author":[{"given":"Gianandrea","family":"Guidetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Research and Development, SANYpet SpA, 35023 Bagnoli di Sopra, 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