{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T05:18:08Z","timestamp":1790831888729,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01EC1001D"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01EC1001D"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006356","name":"Syddansk Universitet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01EC1001D"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01EC1001D"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006356","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mediators of Inflammation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>. Intra-articular infections can rapidly lead to osteoarthritic degradation. The aim of this clinical biomarker analysis was to investigate the influence of inflammation on cartilage destruction and metabolism.<jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. Patients with acute joint infections were enrolled in a prospective clinical trial and the cytokine composition of effusions (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">76<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) was analyzed. Characteristics of epidemiology and disease severity were correlated with levels of cytokines with known roles in cartilage turnover and degradation.<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. Higher synovial IL-1<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>concentrations were associated with clinical parameters indicating a higher disease severity (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.03<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) excluding the incidence of sepsis. Additionally, intra-articular IL-1<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>levels correlated with inflammatory serum parameters as leucocyte counts (LC) and C-reactive protein concentrations (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) but not with age or comorbidity. Both higher LC and synovial IL-1<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>levels were associated with increased intra-articular collagen type II cleavage products (C2C) indicating cartilage degradation. Joints with preinfectious lesions had higher C2C levels. Intra-articular inflammation led to increased concentrations of typical cartilage metabolites as bFGF, BMP-2, and BMP-7. Infections with<jats:italic>Staphylococcus<\/jats:italic>species induced higher IL-1<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>expression but less cartilage destruction than other bacteria.<jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. Articular infections have bacteria-specific implications on cartilage metabolism. Collagen type II cleavage products reliably mark destruction, which is associated with upregulation of typical cartilage turnover cytokines. This trial is registered with<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/drks-neu.uniklinik-freiburg.de\/drks_web\/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&amp;TRIAL_ID=DRKS00003536\">DRKS00003536<\/jats:ext-link>, MISSinG.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/5491971","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,5]],"date-time":"2016-09-05T21:02:09Z","timestamp":1473109329000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Prospective Clinical Trial for Septic Arthritis: Cartilage Degradation and Inflammation Are Associated with Upregulation of Cartilage Metabolites"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2016","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8801-2385","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hagen","family":"Schmal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anke","family":"Bernstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Albert-Ludwigs University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7639-9105","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Matthias J.","family":"Feucht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Albert-Ludwigs University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8524-6779","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Benjamin","family":"Erdle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Albert-Ludwigs University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, 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