{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T00:24:32Z","timestamp":1785803072749,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["26462900"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["26462900"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity against polymicrobial (PM) biofilms of a condensed tannin extracted from astringent persimmon (PS-M), which is contained in refreshing beverages commercially available in Japan. Salivary PM biofilms were formed anaerobically on glass coverslips for 24 and 72\u2009h and were treated for 5\u2009min with sterilized deionized water (DW), 0.05 and 0.2\u2009wt% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX), and 0.5\u20134.0\u2009wt% PS-M solution. The colony forming units (CFU\/mL) were determined and morphological changes of the biofilms were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The CFUs were lower in all PS-M and CHX groups compared to the DW group. PS-M exerted a dose-dependent effect. PS-M (1.53 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>7<\/jats:sup>) at a dose of 4.0\u2009wt% had the same effect as 0.2\u2009wt% CHX (2.03 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>7<\/jats:sup>), regardless of the culture period. SEM revealed the biofilm structures were considerably destroyed in the 4.0\u2009wt% PS-M and 0.2\u2009wt% CHX. These findings indicate that the antibacterial effects of PS-M, a naturally derived substance, are comparable to those of CHX. PS-M may keep the oral cavity clean and prevent dental caries and periodontal disease related to dental plaque, as well as systemic disease such as aspiration pneumonitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/5730748","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,15]],"date-time":"2016-02-15T21:01:05Z","timestamp":1455570065000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Antibacterial Action of a Condensed Tannin Extracted from Astringent Persimmon as a Component of Food Addictive Pancil PS-M on Oral Polymicrobial Biofilms"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2016","author":[{"given":"Kiyoshi","family":"Tomiyama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cariology and Restorative Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238-8580, Japan"},{"name":"Institute of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 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