{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T04:00:51Z","timestamp":1776398451979,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,22]],"date-time":"2016-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1482364800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":356,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Testicular torsion, a surgical emergency, could affect the endocrine and exocrine testicular functions. This study demonstrates histopathological and physiological effects of testicular ischemia\/perfusion (I\/R) injury and the possible protective effects of Ginkgo biloba treatment. Fifty adult male Wistar rats, 180\u2013200\u2009gm, were randomly divided into sham\u2010operated, Gingko biloba supplemented, ischemia only, I\/R, and Gingko biloba treated I\/R groups. Overnight fasted rats were anaesthetized by Pentobarbital; I\/R was performed by left testis 720\u00b0 rotation in I\/R and treated I\/R groups. Orchiectomy was performed for histopathological studies and detection of mitochondrial NAD<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>. Determination of free testosterone, FSH, TNF\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>, and IL1\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> in plasma was performed. Plasma\u2010free testosterone was significantly decreased, while plasma FSH, TNF\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>, IL\u20101<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>, and testicular mitochondrial NAD<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> were significantly increased in I\/R group compared to control group. These parameters were reversed in Gingko biloba treated I\/R group compared to I\/R group. I\/R caused marked testicular damage and increased APAF\u20101 in the apoptotic cells which were reversed by Ginkgo biloba treatment. It could be concluded that I\/R caused subfertility induced by apoptosis and oxidative stress manifested by the elevated testicular mitochondrial NAD<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, which is considered a new possible mechanism. Also, testicular injury could be reduced by Gingko biloba administration alone.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/6959274","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,24]],"date-time":"2016-12-24T02:31:31Z","timestamp":1482546691000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Ginkgo Biloba Ameliorates Subfertility Induced by Testicular Ischemia\/Reperfusion Injury in Adult Wistar Rats: A Possible New Mitochondrial Mechanism"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2016","author":[{"given":"Asmaa Ibrahim","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5418-2191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noha N.","family":"Lasheen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khaled Mohamed","family":"El-Zawahry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_2","volume-title":"Campbell-Walsh Urology","author":"Schneck F. 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