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Gallium(III) is an iron analog capable of inhibiting essential iron-dependent pathways, exerting broad antimicrobial activity against multiple microorganisms, including<jats:italic>Staphylococcus<\/jats:italic>spp. Herein, we evaluated PMMA and CaSO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>as carriers for delivery of gallium(III) nitrate (Ga(NO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>)<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>) to infected surgical sites by assessing the release kinetics subsequent to incorporation and antimicrobial activity against<jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>S. epidermidis<\/jats:italic>. PMMA and to a lesser extent CaSO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>were observed to be compatible as carriers for Ga(NO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>)<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>, eluting concentrations with antimicrobial activity against planktonic bacteria, inhibiting bacterial growth, and preventing bacterial colonization of beads, and effective against established bacterial biofilms of<jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>S. epidermidis<\/jats:italic>. Collectively, our<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>results indicate that PMMA is a more suitable carrier compared to CaSO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>for delivery of Ga(NO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>)<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>; moreover they provide evidence for the potential use of Ga(NO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>)<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>with PMMA as a strategy for the prevention and\/or treatment for orthopaedic infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/7078989","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,17]],"date-time":"2016-01-17T21:01:29Z","timestamp":1453064489000},"page":"1-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["An<i>In Vitro<\/i>Comparison of PMMA and Calcium Sulfate as Carriers for the Local Delivery of Gallium(III) Nitrate to Staphylococcal Infected Surgical Sites"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2016","author":[{"given":"Rebecca A.","family":"Garcia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Extremity Trauma and Regenerative Medicine, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam, Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"Tennent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Extremity Trauma and Regenerative Medicine, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam, Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Extremity Trauma and Regenerative Medicine, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam, Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph C.","family":"Wenke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Extremity Trauma and Regenerative Medicine, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam, Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos J.","family":"Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Extremity Trauma and Regenerative Medicine, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam, Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(89)90597-7"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1214162"},{"issue":"1","key":"3","first-page":"93","volume":"77","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery Series: B"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/bco.0b013e318230efcf"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ta.0b013e31829bb777"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ta.0b013e318241f534"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ta.0b013e318275469c"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.02.009"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(04)16727-5"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ta.0b013e3181e4b33d"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000182394.39601.9d"},{"key":"12","first-page":"1","volume":"44","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy"},{"issue":"1","key":"13","first-page":"511","volume":"41","year":"1970","journal-title":"Der Chirurg; 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