{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T11:29:07Z","timestamp":1775129347628,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,25]],"date-time":"2016-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1474761600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":268,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002569","name":"Wonkwang University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002569","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>. To investigate the effects and safety of the aqueous extract of the dried, immature fruit of <jats:italic>Poncirus trifoliata<\/jats:italic> (L.) Raf., known as <jats:italic>Poncirus fructus<\/jats:italic> (PF), in spinal cord injury (SCI) patients with neurogenic bowel. <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. Thirty\u2010one SCI patients with neurogenic bowel were recruited. Patients were evaluated based on clinical information, constipation score, Bristol Stool Form Scale, stool retention score using plain abdominal radiograph, and colon transit time. PF was administered in dosages of 800\u2009mg each prior to breakfast and lunch for 14 days. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. The morphological feature of the stool before and after administration indicated a statistically significant difference from 3.52 \u00b1 1.33 to 4.32 \u00b1 1.44 points (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). Stool retention score before and after administration of PF was represented with low significance (7.25 \u00b1 1.60 to 6.46 \u00b1 1.53 points) in the whole colon (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05), and the colon transit time was significantly shortened (57.41 \u00b1 20.7 to 41.2 \u00b1 25.5 hours) in terms of the whole transit time (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). Side effects were observed in 7 people (28.0%) consisting of 2 people with soft stools and 5 people with diarrhea. <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. For SCI patients, PF administration significantly improved defecation patterns, defecation retention, and colon transit time. PF could be an effective aid to improve colonic motility and constipation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/7154616","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,25]],"date-time":"2016-09-25T21:02:08Z","timestamp":1474837328000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Effects and Safety of Aqueous Extract of <i>Poncirus fructus<\/i> in Spinal Cord Injury with Neurogenic Bowel"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2016","author":[{"given":"Ji Hee","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Su Kyung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2778-4194","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min Cheol","family":"Joo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.2008.137"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101066"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3100531"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.2010.14"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.2011.124"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","volume-title":"Chungyak Daesajun","author":"Kim C. 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