{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T10:41:48Z","timestamp":1788259308234,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,2]],"date-time":"2016-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1470096000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pain Research and Treatment"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Introduction<\/jats:italic>. WHO recognizes low back pain as one of the most important ergonomic stressors. Therefore, the present study was designed to find out the magnitude of the problem among jute mill workers in India and identify possible associations.<jats:italic> Methodology<\/jats:italic>. This cross-sectional workplace based study was conducted among eight (8) selected jute mills of India. Subjects with self-reported back pain for at least last 12 weeks were included and <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">717<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math> male jute mill workers actively engaged in work entered the study and completed all assessments.<jats:italic> Results<\/jats:italic>. Among all participants 55% (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">392<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) had current chronic low back pain. Age was an important association with subjects in the age group of 40\u201359 years more likely to have pain (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.02<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>, OR 1.44). Regarding ergonomic risk factors lifting of load of more than 20\u2009kg (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.04<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>, OR 1.42) and repetitive movements of limbs (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.03<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>, OR 0.67) were significant associations of chronic low back pain.<jats:italic> Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. This study identified a significant prevalence of current chronic low back pain among jute mill workers. Regarding ergonomic risk factors the present study has identified two significant associations: lifting of load above 20\u2009kg and repetitive movements of limbs. Therefore, this study has identified need for workplace interventions in this occupational group employing approximately 3,50,000 workers in India.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/7843216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,3]],"date-time":"2016-08-03T00:18:10Z","timestamp":1470183490000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Load Handling and Repetitive Movements Are Associated with Chronic Low Back Pain among Jute Mill Workers in India"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2016","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Goswami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ESI Institute of Pain Management, ESI Hospital, Sealdah, 301\/3A, A. P. C. Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700009, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Dasgupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ESI Institute of Pain Management, ESI Hospital, Sealdah, 301\/3A, A. P. C. Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700009, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Samanta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ESI Institute of Pain Management, ESI Hospital, Sealdah, 301\/3A, A. P. C. Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700009, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Talukdar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ESI Institute of Pain Management, ESI Hospital, Sealdah, 301\/3A, A. P. C. Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700009, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Chanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jadavpur University, 188 Raja S. C. Mallick Road, Kolkata 700032, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Ray Karmakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, R. G. Kar Medical College & Hospital, 1 Kshudiram Bose Sarani, Kolkata 700004, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4059-3942","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"A.","family":"Majumdar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Jute Corporation of India Ltd., 15N Nellie Sengupta Sarani, Kolkata 700087, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Bhattacharya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ESI Institute of Pain Management, ESI Hospital, Sealdah, 301\/3A, A. P. C. 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