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We herein report that CatB regulates the expression of collagens III and IV by fibroblasts in response to a TLR2 agonist, lipopolysaccharide from <jats:italic>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>P.g.<\/jats:italic> LPS). In cultured human BJ fibroblasts, mRNA expression of CatB was significantly increased, while that of collagens III and IV was significantly decreased at 24\u2009h after challenge with <jats:italic>P.g.<\/jats:italic> LPS (1\u2009<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/mL). The <jats:italic>P.g.<\/jats:italic> LPS\u2010decreased collagen expression was completely inhibited by CA\u2010074Me, the specific inhibitor of CatB. Surprisingly, expression of collagens III and IV was significantly increased in the primary fibroblasts from CatB\u2010deficient mice after challenge with <jats:italic>P.g.<\/jats:italic> LPS. The increase of CatB was accompanied with an increase of 8\u2010hydroxy\u20102\u2032\u2010deoxyguanosine (8\u2010OHdG) and a decrease of I<jats:italic>\u03ba<\/jats:italic>B<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>. Furthermore, the <jats:italic>P.g.<\/jats:italic> LPS\u2010increased 8\u2010OHdG and decreased I<jats:italic>\u03ba<\/jats:italic>B<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> were restored by CA\u2010074Me. Moreover, 87% of CatB and 86% of 8\u2010OHdG were colocalized with gingival fibroblasts of chronic periodontitis patients. The findings indicate the critical role of CatB in regulating the expression of collagens III and IV by fibroblasts via prolonging TLR2\/NF\u2010<jats:italic>\u03ba<\/jats:italic>B activation and oxidative stress. CatB\u2010specific inhibitors may therefore improve chronic inflammation\u2010delayed tissue repair.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/7894247","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,28]],"date-time":"2016-08-28T21:04:55Z","timestamp":1472418295000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Cathepsin B Regulates Collagen Expression by Fibroblasts via Prolonging TLR2\/NF\u2010<i>\u03ba<\/i>B Activation"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2016","author":[{"given":"Xue","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4910-9037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhou","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junjun","family":"Ni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7520-2411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yicong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weixian","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Nakanishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4173-6765","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanmin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2014.0561"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1524-475x.1997.t01-1-50409.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2009.03.056"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1067-1927.2005.130211.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000322399"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2014.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_2","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of Biological Chemistry","author":"Lennarz W. 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