{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T17:15:49Z","timestamp":1790270149801,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003069","name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Servicios de Salud del H. Ayuntamiento de Calakmul, Campeche"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is endemic in Campeche state, Mexico. Host and parasite factors are involved in the establishment and development of CL. Host factors include immune response and genetic background. NRAMP1 (Natural Resistance Associated Macrophage Protein 1) is important in innate immunity. Polymorphisms in<jats:italic>NRAMP1<\/jats:italic>have been associated with susceptibility or resistance to infectious and autoimmune diseases. To study the association of<jats:italic>NRAMP1<\/jats:italic>mutations with CL in patients from Calakmul, Campeche, samples from 115 CL patients and 69 samples of healthy people from the same area were evaluated. Five regions in<jats:italic>NRAMP1<\/jats:italic>were amplified and digested, looking for mutations in the promoter region (\u2212524G\/C), exon 3 (274C\/T), exon 8 (823 C7T), and exon 15 (G\/A) and deletion of 4\u2009bp in the 3\u2032UTR region. We found a statistical association between polymorphisms in 3\u2032UTR region and exon 8 and CL [<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>\u03c7<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msup><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">13.26<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>;<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>; OR = 17.00; IC of 95% (2.24\u2013128.99)]. Some patients who needed more than 40 doses of Glucantime<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>\u00ae<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>to heal injuries presented mutations in exons 3, 8, and 15. Multiple or ear lesions were not associated with<jats:italic>NRAMP1<\/jats:italic>polymorphism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/7951285","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,18]],"date-time":"2016-10-18T17:17:48Z","timestamp":1476811068000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["NRAMP1 Polymorphisms like Susceptibility Marker in Mexican Focus of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2016","author":[{"given":"Mirsha Pamela","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Rivera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Inmunolog\u00eda, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, IPN, Carpio y Plan de Ayala, 11340 Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alicia","family":"Ram\u00edrez-Ram\u00edrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Infectolog\u00eda e Inmunolog\u00eda, Instituto Nacional de Perinatolog\u00eda, Montes Urales 800, 11000 Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adelaido","family":"Chi\u00f1as-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H. 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