{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T09:13:43Z","timestamp":1762161223254},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Hindawi Limited","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Council of Science and Technology","award":["482258\/276615"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["482258\/276615"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Parasitic agents, such as helminths, are the most important biotic factors affecting aquaculture, and the fluke<jats:italic>Centrocestus formosanus<\/jats:italic>is considered to be highly pathogenic in various fish species. There have been efforts to control this parasite with chemical helminthicides, but these efforts have had unsuccessful results. We evaluated the anthelmintic effect of 37 strains of<jats:italic>Bacillus thuringiensis<\/jats:italic>against<jats:italic>C. formosanus<\/jats:italic>metacercariae<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>using two concentrations of total protein, and only six strains produced high mortality. The virulence (CL<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>) on matacercariae of three strains was obtained: the GP308, GP526, and ME1 strains exhibited a LC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>of 146.2\u2009<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/mL, 289.2\u2009<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/mL, and 1721.9\u2009<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/mL, respectively. Additionally, these six<jats:italic>B. thuringiensis<\/jats:italic>strains were evaluated against the cercariae of<jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>formosanus<\/jats:italic>; the LC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>obtained from the GP526 strain with solubilized protein was 83.8\u2009<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/mL, and it could be considered as an alternative control of the metacercariae and cercariae of this parasite in the productivity systems of ornamental fishes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/8272407","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,17]],"date-time":"2016-05-17T21:04:03Z","timestamp":1463519043000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Anthelmintic Effect of<i>Bacillus thuringiensis<\/i>Strains against the Gill Fish Trematode<i>Centrocestus formosanus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2016","author":[{"given":"Luis Javier","family":"Mendoza-Estrada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Colonia Chamilpa, 62209 Cuernavaca, MOR, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V\u00edctor Manuel","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Vel\u00e1zquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Biotecnolog\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Colonia Chamilpa, 62209 Cuernavaca, MOR, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iv\u00e1n","family":"Arenas-Sosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnolog\u00eda, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Campus Morelos, Avenida Universidad 2001, 62210 Cuernavaca, MOR, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernando Iv\u00e1n","family":"Flores-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Colonia Chamilpa, 62209 Cuernavaca, MOR, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Morales-Montor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Inmunolog\u00eda, Instituto de Investigaciones Biom\u00e9dicas, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, AP 70228, 04510 M\u00e9xico, DF, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guadalupe","family":"Pe\u00f1a-Chora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaciones Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Colonia Chamilpa, 62209 Cuernavaca, MOR, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"98","reference":[{"key":"1","first-page":"181","volume":"234","year":"1924","journal-title":"Taiwan Igakkai Zasshi"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1674\/0003-0031(2000)143[0185:tiadoc]2.0.co;2"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2009.07.027"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2015.02.002"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/12-37.1"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1368-7646(98)80004-6"},{"issue":"5","key":"8","first-page":"343","volume":"81","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3947\/ic.2013.45.1.32"},{"issue":"12","key":"10","first-page":"1110","volume":"5","year":"2004","journal-title":"European Molecular Biology Organization Reports"},{"issue":"6","key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-3072.1","volume":"98","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Parasitology"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2007.03360.x"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.femsre.2004.12.001"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2006.11.022"},{"key":"15","volume-title":"Las toxinas Cry de Bacillus thuringiensis: modo de acci\u00f3n y consecuencias de su aplicaci\u00f3n","year":"2008"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2009.06.014"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1673\/031.010.14146"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(76)90527-3"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s0036-46652010000400008"},{"key":"20","year":"2006"},{"key":"21","year":"1979"},{"key":"22","year":"2009"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/174619"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0019952"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.01062-13"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.00752-08"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-015-0890-6"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5402\/2012\/916845"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0045793"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1865-1682.2010.01124.x"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10158-012-0135-8"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0607002103"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000614"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002263"},{"key":"35","volume-title":"Trematoda: form, function and classification of Digeneans","year":"2009"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/bf00260002"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/dao010093"},{"key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.69.5.2415-2422.2003"},{"key":"39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procbio.2007.01.015"},{"key":"40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0033703"},{"issue":"5","key":"41","first-page":"114","volume":"2","year":"2010","journal-title":"Recent Research in Science and Technology"},{"key":"42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mmbr.00034-06"},{"key":"43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jipa.1996.0056"},{"key":"45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0538072100"}],"container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2016\/8272407.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2016\/8272407.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2016\/8272407.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,24]],"date-time":"2017-06-24T13:50:19Z","timestamp":1498312219000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2016\/8272407\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"references-count":43,"alternative-id":["8272407","8272407"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2016\/8272407","relation":{},"ISSN":["2314-6133","2314-6141"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2314-6133","type":"print"},{"value":"2314-6141","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016]]}}}