{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T22:54:31Z","timestamp":1790463271399,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Canadian Respiratory Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>. In the fall of 2014, a North American outbreak of enterovirus D68 resulted in a significant number of pediatric hospital admissions for respiratory illness throughout North America. This study characterized the clinical presentation and risk factors for a severe clinical course in children admitted to British Columbia Children\u2019s Hospital during the 2014 outbreak.<jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. Retrospective chart review of patients with confirmed EV-D68 infection admitted to BCCH with respiratory symptoms in the fall of 2014. Past medical history, clinical presentation, management, and course in hospital was collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Comparison was made between those that did and did not require ICU admission to identify risk factors.<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. Thirty-four patients were included (median age 7.5 years). Fifty-three percent of children had a prior history of wheeze, 32% had other preexisting medical comorbidities, and 15% were previously healthy. Ten children (29%) were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit. The presence of complex medical conditions (excluding wheezing) (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.03<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) and copathogens was associated with PICU admission (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.02<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>).<jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>. EV-D68 infection resulted in severe, prolonged presentations of asthma-like illness in the hospitalized pediatric population. Patients with a prior history of wheeze and preexisting medical comorbidities appear to be most severely affected, but the virus can also cause wheezing in previously well children.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/8302179","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,16]],"date-time":"2016-08-16T17:03:01Z","timestamp":1471366981000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Respiratory Presentation of Pediatric Patients in the 2014 Enterovirus D68 Outbreak"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2016","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9227-9712","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Georgina","family":"Martin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 0W8"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2673-0242","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rachel","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children\u2019s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6H 3V4"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9269-8498","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Victoria E.","family":"Cook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, British Columbia Children\u2019s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6H 3V4"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8743-0342","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Matthew","family":"Carwana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children\u2019s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6H 3V4"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Tilley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology & Lab Medicine, British Columbia Children\u2019s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6H 3V4"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Sauve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, British Columbia Children\u2019s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6H 3V4"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 4R4"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akshat","family":"Kapur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respiratory Medicine, British Columbia Children\u2019s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6H 3V4"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2060-3290","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Connie L.","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respiratory Medicine, British Columbia Children\u2019s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6H 3V4"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.1820"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3949\/ccjm.82a.14166"},{"issue":"2","key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a120693","volume":"85","year":"1967","journal-title":"American Journal of Epidemiology"},{"key":"4","first-page":"1","volume":"55","year":"2006","journal-title":"MMWR Surveillance Summaries"},{"issue":"38","key":"5","first-page":"1301","volume":"60","year":"2010","journal-title":"Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2011.06.019"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1708.101328"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.02640-12"},{"issue":"36","key":"9","first-page":"798","volume":"63","year":"2014","journal-title":"Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1708.110028"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2011.02725.x"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02982-14"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/201846"},{"key":"26","year":"2009"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2007.08.034"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2015.07.298"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.151121"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2014.11.011"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-12-616516"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2015.05.017"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.043935-0"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035190"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2010.03147.x"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201109-1635OC"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0099392"}],"container-title":["Canadian Respiratory Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/crj\/2016\/8302179.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/crj\/2016\/8302179.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/crj\/2016\/8302179.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,24]],"date-time":"2017-06-24T16:49:48Z","timestamp":1498322988000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/crj\/2016\/8302179\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"references-count":25,"alternative-id":["8302179","8302179"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2016\/8302179","relation":{},"ISSN":["1198-2241","1916-7245"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1198-2241","type":"print"},{"value":"1916-7245","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016]]}}}