{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T11:04:26Z","timestamp":1788865466420,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["249669"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["249669"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Toronto Rehab Foundation","award":["249669"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["249669"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Case Reports in Neurological Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We report the therapeutic effects of integrating brain-computer interfacing technology and functional electrical stimulation therapy to restore upper limb reaching movements in a 64-year-old man with severe left hemiplegia following a hemorrhagic stroke he sustained six years prior to this study. He completed 40 90-minute sessions of functional electrical stimulation therapy using a custom-made neuroprosthesis that facilitated 5 different reaching movements. During each session, the participant attempted to reach with his paralyzed arm repeatedly. Stimulation for each of the movement phases (e.g., extending and retrieving the arm) was triggered when the power in the 18\u2009Hz\u201328\u2009Hz range (beta frequency range) of the participant\u2019s EEG activity, recorded with a single electrode, decreased below a predefined threshold. The function of the participant\u2019s arm showed a clinically significant improvement in the Fugl-Meyer Assessment Upper Extremity (FMA-UE) subscore (6 points) as well as moderate improvement in Functional Independence Measure Self-Care subscore (7 points). The changes in arm\u2019s function suggest that the combination of BCI technology and functional electrical stimulation therapy may restore voluntary motor function in individuals with chronic hemiplegia which results in severe upper limb deficit (FMA-UE \u2264 15), a population that does not benefit from current best-practice rehabilitation interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/9146213","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,2]],"date-time":"2016-11-02T21:01:00Z","timestamp":1478120460000},"page":"1-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["EEG-Triggered Functional Electrical Stimulation Therapy for Restoring Upper Limb Function in Chronic Stroke with Severe Hemiplegia"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2016","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9916-4122","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Cesar","family":"Marquez-Chin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rehabilitation Engineering Laboratory, The Lyndhurst Centre, 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