{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T18:34:00Z","timestamp":1777574040376,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Applied Science University","award":["REP-LA 2010\/H"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["REP-LA 2010\/H"]}]},{"name":"Applied Science University","award":["LAG20102106\/g"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LAG20102106\/g"]}]},{"name":"Al-Ahliyya Amman University","award":["REP-LA 2010\/H"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["REP-LA 2010\/H"]}]},{"name":"Al-Ahliyya Amman University","award":["LAG20102106\/g"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LAG20102106\/g"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Diabetes Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background.<\/jats:italic>Our aim was to evaluate the protective effect of lipoic acid (LA) on fetal outcome of diabetic mothers.<jats:italic>Methods.<\/jats:italic>Diabetes was induced in female rats using streptozotocin and rats were made pregnant. Pregnant control (group 1;<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">9<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>; and group 2;<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">7<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) or pregnant diabetic (group 3;<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">10<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>; and group 4;<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">8<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) rats were treated daily with either LA (groups 2 and 4) or vehicle (groups 1 and 3) between gestational days 0 and 15. On day 15 of gestation, the fetuses, placentas, and membranes were dissected, examined morphologically, and then homogenized, to measure cyclooxygenase (COX) activities and metabolisms of prostaglandin (PG) E<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>(PGEM) and PGF<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>(PGFM) levels. The level of total glutathione was measured in the maternal liver and plasma and in all fetuses.<jats:italic>Results.<\/jats:italic>Supplementation of diabetic rats with LA was found to significantly (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) reduce resorption rates in diabetic rats and led to a significant (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M6\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) increase in liver, plasma, and fetuses total glutathione from LA-TD rats as compared to those from V-TD. Decreased levels of PGEM and elevated levels of PGFM in the fetuses, placentas, and membranes were characteristic of experimental diabetic gestation associated with malformation. The levels of PGEM in malformed fetuses from LA-TD mothers was significantly (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M7\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) higher than those in malformed fetuses from V-TD rats.<jats:italic>Conclusions.<\/jats:italic>LA treatment did not completely prevent the occurrence of malformations. Thus, other factors may be involved in the pathogenesis of the diabetes-induced congenital malformations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/9354937","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,30]],"date-time":"2016-11-30T16:05:45Z","timestamp":1480521945000},"page":"1-12","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Effects of Lipoic Acid Supplementation on Activities of Cyclooxygenases and Levels of Prostaglandins E<sub>2<\/sub>and F<sub>2<\/sub><i>\u03b1<\/i>Metabolites, in the Offspring of Rats with Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2016","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3591-9434","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hisham Y.","family":"Al-Matubsi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ghaleb A.","family":"Oriquat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Abu-Samak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science University, Amman, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Othman A.","family":"Al Hanbali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University, Amman, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maher D.","family":"Salim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Middle East University, Amman, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","first-page":"292","volume":"12","year":"1987","journal-title":"Seminars in 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