{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T15:26:28Z","timestamp":1766157988275,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003093","name":"Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["600-RMI\/NRGS 5\/3 (7\/2013)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["600-RMI\/NRGS 5\/3 (7\/2013)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003093","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004625","name":"Universiti Teknologi MARA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["600-RMI\/NRGS 5\/3 (7\/2013)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["600-RMI\/NRGS 5\/3 (7\/2013)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004625","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Sensors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Titanium dioxide (TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) thin films were applied as the sensing membrane of an extended-gate field-effect transistor (EGFET) pH sensor. TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>thin films were deposited by spin coating method and the influences of the spin speed and spin duration on the pH sensing behavior of TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>thin films were investigated. The spin coated TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>thin films were connected to commercial metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) to form the extended gates and the MOSFET was integrated in a readout interfacing circuit to complete the EGFET pH sensor system. For the spin speed parameter investigation, the highest sensitivity was obtained for the sample spun at 3000\u2009rpm at a fixed spinning time of 60\u2009s, which was 60.3\u2009mV\/pH. 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