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We tested whether peroxynitrite (ONOO<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>), a highly reactive nitrogen species, is involved in the enhanced CB oxygen chemosensitivity and the hypertension during CIH. Accordingly, we studied effects of Ebselen, an ONOO<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> scavenger, on 3\u2010nitrotyrosine immunoreactivity (3\u2010NT\u2010ir) in the CB, the CB chemosensory discharge, and arterial blood pressure (BP) in rats exposed to CIH. Male Sprague\u2010Dawley rats were exposed to CIH (5% O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, 12 times\/h, 8\u2009h\/day) for 7 days. Ebselen (10\u2009mg\/kg\/day) was administrated using osmotic minipumps and BP measured with radiotelemetry. Compared to the sham animals, CIH\u2010treated rats showed increased 3\u2010NT\u2010ir within the CB, enhanced CB chemosensory responses to hypoxia, increased BP response to acute hypoxia, and hypertension. Rats treated with Ebselen and exposed to CIH displayed a significant reduction in 3\u2010NT\u2010ir levels (60.8 \u00b1 14.9 versus 22.9 \u00b1 4.2\u2009a.u.), reduced CB chemosensory response to 5% O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (266.5 \u00b1 13.4 versus 168.6 \u00b1 16.8\u2009Hz), and decreased mean BP (116.9 \u00b1 13.2 versus 82.1 \u00b1 5.1\u2009mmHg). Our results suggest that CIH\u2010induced CB chemosensory potentiation and hypertension are critically dependent on ONOO<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> formation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/9802136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,20]],"date-time":"2015-12-20T21:01:15Z","timestamp":1450645275000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Intermittent Hypoxia\u2010Induced Carotid Body Chemosensory Potentiation and Hypertension Are Critically Dependent on Peroxynitrite Formation"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2016","author":[{"given":"Esteban 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