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In the present paper, we report that lycopene, one of the main dietary carotenoids, which is present in tomato and some other fruits, has a strong inhibitory effect on<jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>C. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>infections in alveolar macrophages. This finding was documented by both immunofluorescence analysis and electron microscopy. It was noted that lycopene treatment inhibited intracellular phase of the chlamydial developmental cycle and resulted in a significant loss of infectious progeny. The antichlamydial effect of lycopene was also confirmed in a clinical setting. There was a significant reduction of IgG antibodies against<jats:italic>C. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>in the serum of volunteers treated for a month with oral ingestion of 7\u2009mg of lycopene. Additional studies are needed to further explore the antichlamydial activity of lycopene and its possible effect on<jats:italic>C. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>in relation to antichlamydial activity of lycopene to mechanisms of atherosclerosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/1478625","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,29]],"date-time":"2017-08-29T21:02:45Z","timestamp":1504040565000},"page":"1-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Lycopene Inhibits Propagation of Chlamydia Infection"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2017","author":[{"given":"Naylia A.","family":"Zigangirova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gamaleya Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena Y.","family":"Morgunova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gamaleya Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health, Moscow, 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