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Infection of the host cells by Chlamydiae stimulates the innate immune system leading to an inflammatory response, which is manifested not only by secretion of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>\u03b2<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>from monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells, but also possibly by cell death mediated by Caspase-1 pyroptosis. RIP3 is a molecular switch that determines the development of necrosis or inflammation. However, the involvement of RIP3 in inflammasome activation by<jats:italic>Chlamydia muridarum<\/jats:italic>infection has not been clarified. Here, we assessed the role of RIP3 in synergy with Caspase-1 in the induction of IL-1<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>production in BMDM after either LPS\/ATP or<jats:italic>Chlamydia muridarum<\/jats:italic>stimulation. The possibility of pyroptosis and necroptosis interplays and the role of RIP3 in IL-1<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>\u03b2<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>production during<jats:italic>Chlamydia muridarum<\/jats:italic>infection in BMDM was investigated as well. The data indicated that RIP3 is involved in NLRP3 inflammasome activation in LPS\/ATP-stimulated BMDMs but not in<jats:italic>Chlamydia muridarum<\/jats:italic>infection. Pyroptosis occurred in BMDM after LPS\/ATP stimulation or<jats:italic>Chlamydia muridarum<\/jats:italic>infection. Moreover, the results also illuminated the important role of the Caspase-1-mediated pyroptosis process which does not involve RIP3. Taken together, these observations may help shed new light on details in inflammatory signaling pathways activated by<jats:italic>Chlamydia muridarum<\/jats:italic>infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/1592365","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,4]],"date-time":"2017-06-04T21:02:55Z","timestamp":1496610175000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["<i>Chlamydia muridarum<\/i>Infection of Macrophages Stimulates IL-1<i>\u03b2<\/i>Secretion and Cell Death via Activation of Caspase-1 in an RIP3-Independent Manner"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2017","author":[{"given":"Lixiang","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, Ministry of Education and Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, 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