{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T12:44:25Z","timestamp":1780490665936,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005797","name":"Erasmus Trustfonds","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005797","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010429","name":"Erasmus Vriendenfonds","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010429","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Meindert de Hoop Foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003142","name":"Fonds NutsOhra","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003142","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background.<\/jats:italic>With the introduction of three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound it has become possible to measure volumes. The relative increase in embryonic volume (EV) is much larger than that of the crown-rump length (CRL) over the same time period. We examined whether EV is a better parameter to determine growth restriction in fetuses with structural congenital abnormalities.<jats:italic>Study Design, Subjects, and Outcome Measures.<\/jats:italic>CRL and EV were measured using a Virtual Reality (VR) system in prospectively collected 3D ultrasound volumes of 56 fetuses diagnosed with structural congenital abnormalities in the first trimester of pregnancy (gestational age 7<jats:sup>+5<\/jats:sup>to 14<jats:sup>+5<\/jats:sup>weeks). Measured CRL and EV were converted to<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>z<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>-scores and to percentages of the expected mean using previously published reference curves of euploid fetuses. The one-sample<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>t<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>-test was performed to test significance.<jats:italic>Results.<\/jats:italic>The EV was smaller than expected for GA in fetuses with structural congenital abnormalities (\u221235%\u2009\u2009<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>z<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>-score \u22121.44\u2009\u2009<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>), whereas CRL was not (\u22126.43%\u2009\u2009<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M6\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.118<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M7\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>z<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>-score \u22120.43\u2009\u2009<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M8\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.605<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>).<jats:italic>Conclusions.<\/jats:italic>CRL is a less reliable parameter to determine growth restriction in fetuses with structural congenital abnormalities as compared with EV. By measuring EV, growth restriction in first-trimester fetuses with structural congenital abnormalities becomes more evident and enables an earlier detection of these cases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/1953076","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,21]],"date-time":"2017-03-21T22:29:18Z","timestamp":1490135358000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["First-Trimester Crown-Rump Length and Embryonic Volume of Fetuses with Structural Congenital Abnormalities Measured in Virtual Reality: An Observational Study"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2017","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6980-8564","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"L.","family":"Baken","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Benoit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Princess Grace Hospital, Monaco-Ville, Monaco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. H. J.","family":"Koning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioinformatics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. J.","family":"van der Spek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioinformatics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. A. P.","family":"Steegers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Exalto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.c.30120"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0b013e3182446ae9"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.12489"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2012.06.002"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.2709"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7860\/JCDR\/2013\/5888.2989"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.12082"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.909"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/der130"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/det277"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyv147"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/den389"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12086"},{"key":"14","first-page":"208","volume-title":"Steegers EAP, three-dimensional virtual reality in early pregnancy. Early pregnancy","year":"2017"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deq175"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.humrep.a138510"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.115865"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2012.05.040"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/417916a"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.12365"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.1990"},{"issue":"1","key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.82.1.83","volume":"82","year":"1988","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/jpme.1994.22.s1.79"},{"issue":"3","key":"24","first-page":"321","volume":"96","year":"2000","journal-title":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"25","first-page":"136","volume":"142","year":"2009","journal-title":"Studies in Health Technology and Informatics"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2008.02006.x"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.5390"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deq061"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deq175"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deu271"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.22207"}],"container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2017\/1953076.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2017\/1953076.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2017\/1953076.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,26]],"date-time":"2022-07-26T19:11:00Z","timestamp":1658862660000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2017\/1953076\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"references-count":31,"alternative-id":["1953076","1953076"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2017\/1953076","relation":{},"ISSN":["2314-6133","2314-6141"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2314-6133","type":"print"},{"value":"2314-6141","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017]]}}}