{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T02:18:36Z","timestamp":1789784316633,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,16]],"date-time":"2017-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1500163200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":196,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The present study evaluates the protective effects of an antioxidant\u2010rich extract of<jats:italic>Spinacea oleracea<\/jats:italic>(NAOE) in abnormalities associated with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in rats. HPTLC of NAOE revealed the presence of 13 total antioxidants, 14 flavonoids, and 10 phenolic acids. Rats administered with fructose (20%\u2009<jats:italic>w<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>v<\/jats:italic>) in drinking water for 45 days to induce abnormalities of MetS received NAOE (200 and 400\u2009mg\/kg, po), the standard drug gemfibrozil (60\u2009mg\/kg, po), aerobic exercise (AE), and a combination of NAOE 400\u2009mg\/kg and AE (NAOEAE) daily for 45 days. All treatments significantly altered the lipid profile and attenuated the fructose\u2010elevated levels of uric acid, C\u2010reactive protein, homocysteine, and marker enzymes (AST, LDH, and CK\u2010MB) in serum and malondialdehyde in the heart and restored the fructose\u2010depleted levels of glutathione and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase). A significant decrease in blood glucose and insulin levels decreased insulin resistance, and improved glucose tolerance was observed in the treatment animals when compared with the fructose\u2010fed animals. The best mitigation of MetS was shown by the NAOEAE treatment indicating that regular exercise along with adequate consumption of antioxidant\u2010rich foods such as spinach in diet can help control MetS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/2359389","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,16]],"date-time":"2017-07-16T21:02:33Z","timestamp":1500238953000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Amelioration of Abnormalities Associated with the Metabolic Syndrome by<i>Spinacia oleracea<\/i>(Spinach) Consumption and Aerobic Exercise in Rats"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2017","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9462-7132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vandana","family":"Panda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kinjal","family":"Mistry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Sudhamani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6535-6505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mukesh","family":"Nandave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7801-2966","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shreesh Kumar","family":"Ojha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/943162"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2040-4603.2013.tb00484.x","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance: underlying causes and modification by exercise training","volume":"3","author":"Robert C. 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