{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T19:23:27Z","timestamp":1768937007711,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,28]],"date-time":"2017-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514419200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":361,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The production of olive oil generates massive quantities of by\u2010product called olive mill wastewater (OMWW). The uncontrolled disposal of OMWW poses serious environmental problems. The OMWW effluent is rich in several polyphenolic compounds. Liquid\u2010liquid extraction of OMWW using ethyl acetate solvent was used to enrich phenolic compounds under investigation. Total phenolic and flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of the extract were determined. HPLC coupled to photodiode array (PDA) detector was used to analyze the main three phenolic compounds of OMWW, namely, hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol, and oleuropein. The antimicrobial activity of the extract was also investigated. Additionally, the OMWW extract was used as natural preservative and antioxidants for olive oil. Results showed that OMWW is very rich in phenolic compounds and has strong antioxidant activity. HPLC analysis showed that the extract contains mainly hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol but no oleuropein. The OMWW extract showed also positive activities as antibacterial (gram positive and gram negative) and antifungal as well as activities against yeast. The addition of OMWW extract to olive oil samples has an effect on the stability of olive oil as reflected by its acid value, peroxide value, <jats:italic>K<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>232<\/jats:sub> and <jats:italic>K<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>270<\/jats:sub>, and total phenolic content.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/3706915","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,28]],"date-time":"2017-12-28T23:35:29Z","timestamp":1514504129000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Enrichment of Phenolic Compounds from Olive Mill Wastewater and <i>In Vitro<\/i> Evaluation of Their Antimicrobial Activities"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2017","author":[{"given":"Saleh","family":"Abu-Lafi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud Sami","family":"Al-Natsheh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reem","family":"Yaghmoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9341-6993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fuad","family":"Al-Rimawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2013.06.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19443994.2016.1170637"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2017.1343797"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/tx00014a001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/fst.2014.0051"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","first-page":"171","article-title":"Antioxidant activity of olive mill wastewater extracts and its use as an effective antioxidant in olive oil; kinetic approach","volume":"7","author":"Yangui A.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5344\/ajev.1965.16.3.144"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0308-8146(02)00423-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12691\/jfnr-2-12-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.1996.0292"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0023-6438(95)80008-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(98)00315-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00604-007-0777-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","unstructured":"AOAC International. 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