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We aimed to investigate how the embryonic stem cell-related gene Oct3\/4 changes during the injury-repair process of distal pulmonary epithelium induced by 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu).<jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. We have developed the lung injury model induced by 5-Fu and observed the dynamic changes of Oct3\/4 by indirect immunofluorescence, Western blot, and quantitative real-time PCR. Immunofluorescence double staining was used to compare the positions of Oct3\/4(+) cells and other reported alveolar epithelial stem cells.<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. Oct3\/4(+) cells were not found in normal rat lung epithelial cells. However, after treatment with 5-Fu, Oct3\/4(+) cells appeared at 12\u2009h, reached the peak at 24\u2009h, then decreased at 48\u2009h, and eventually disappeared at 72\u2009h. Oct3\/4 was localized in the nucleus. We found that the sites of Clara cell secretory protein and surfactant protein-C dual positive cells were apparently different from Oct3\/4(+) cells.<jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>. Our results revealed that, in rat alveolar epithelium, expression of Oct3\/4 could be induced after treatment with 5-Fu, then decreased gradually, and was silenced following the alveolar epithelial differentiation. We hold that Oct3\/4(+) cells are lung stem cells, which can provide new evidence for identification and isolation of lung epithelial stem cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/3856839","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,29]],"date-time":"2017-08-29T21:02:10Z","timestamp":1504040530000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Expression and Role of Oct3\/4 in Injury-Repair Process of Rat Alveolar Epithelium after 5-Fu Treatment"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2017","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0643-4243","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wen-ya","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China"},{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xu-lv","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3232-7441","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xin-shan","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lan-ling","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00108.2003"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2009.05.012"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-007-0479-2"},{"issue":"1","key":"4","first-page":"94","volume":"20","year":"1969","journal-title":"Laboratory Investigation"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb\/6.3.296"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb.24.6.4498"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2005.03.032"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(90)90597-8"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/345686a0"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.1994.1312"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1247\/csf.26.137"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2006-0426"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/74199"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.19-4-271"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/6.11.999"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-9525(91)90422-M"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1521-1878(199809)20:9<722::AID-BIES5>3.0.CO;2-I"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(sici)1098-2795(200004)55:4<452::aid-mrd14>3.0.co;2-s"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35042066"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2184.2009.00653.x"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.8179"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2184.2008.00569.x"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.13818"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-11-232"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.2056"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2004.07.004"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.775"},{"issue":"9","key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2283","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V81.9.2283.2283","volume":"81","year":"1993","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"6","key":"29","first-page":"660","year":"2006","journal-title":"Izvestiia Akademii Nauk. 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