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A multiple system theory holds that dysregulation of the multiple systems underlies the pathogenesis of depression and related mental disorders, and new therapies based on the multiple system dysregulation theory are urgently needed. In this study, the antidepressant effect of decoction from herb <jats:italic>Cistanche deserticola<\/jats:italic> Y.C.Ma and <jats:italic>Cistanche tubulosa<\/jats:italic> was examined. Herb <jats:italic>Cistanche<\/jats:italic> decoction reduced the immobility period significantly in the mouse tail suspension test. Mice treated with herb decoction showed an improved ability of spatial learning and memory in the Morris water maze test. Groups treated herb decoction displayed a downregulated monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity; the dopamine (DA) concentration in the brain was upregulated, indicating herb <jats:italic>Cistanche<\/jats:italic> decoction improved the nerve excitability; the serum concentration of corticosterone (CORT) was downregulated, showing that mice benefited from a reduced stress level. Hence, the antidepressant efficacy and mechanism of traditional Chinese herb <jats:italic>Cistanche<\/jats:italic> were explored in this study. Herb <jats:italic>Cistanche<\/jats:italic> showed a potential to be developed as a complementary and alternative therapy for depression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/3925903","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,28]],"date-time":"2017-06-28T21:02:14Z","timestamp":1498683734000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["The Antidepressant and Cognitive Improvement Activities of the Traditional Chinese Herb <i>Cistanche<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2017","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1461-9002","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dongfang","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haizhen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7747-8027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1994.03950010008002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4000811"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159X13666150630175044"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.1156"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1254\/jphs.09013FP"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/77.4.1001S"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c5fo00695c"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2009.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2008.06.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2152\/jmi.52.249"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_2","article-title":"A review on Griffonia simplicifollia - an ideal herbal anti-depressant","author":"Kumar P. 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