{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T14:19:00Z","timestamp":1761920340429,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Disease Markers"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background and Objective<\/jats:italic>. To investigate the relationship between optic nerve sheath diameter, optic nerve diameter, visual acuity and osteopontin, and neurofilament heavy chain in patients with acute optic neuritis. <jats:italic>Patients and Methods<\/jats:italic>. Sonographic and visual acuity assessment and biomarker measurements were executed in 23 patients with unilateral optic neuritis and in 19 sex- and age-matched healthy controls. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. ONSD was thicker on the affected side at symptom onset (median 6.3\u2009mm; interquartile range 6.0\u20136.5) than after 12 months (5.3\u2009mm; 4.9\u20135.6; <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) or than in controls (5.2\u2009mm; 4.8\u20135.5; <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). OND was significantly increased in the affected side (3.4\u2009mm; 2.9\u20133.8) compared to healthy controls (2.7\u2009mm; 2.5\u20132.9; <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) and was thicker at baseline than after 12 months (2.8\u2009mm; 2.7\u20133.0; <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.01<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). Visual acuity improved significantly after 12 months (1.00; 0.90\u20131.00) compared to onset of symptoms (0.80; 0.40\u20131.00; <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). OPN levels were significantly higher in patients at presentation (median 6.44\u2009ng\/ml; 2.05\u201310.06) compared to healthy controls (3.21\u2009ng\/ml, 1.34\u20134.34; <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M6\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.03<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). Concentrations of NfH were significantly higher in patients than in controls. <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. ONSD and OND are increased in the affected eye. OPN and NfH are elevated in patients, confirming the presence of any underlying inflammation and axonal injury.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/5434310","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,11]],"date-time":"2017-09-11T17:00:29Z","timestamp":1505149229000},"page":"1-5","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Longitudinal Assessment of Transorbital Sonography, Visual Acuity, and Biomarkers for Inflammation and Axonal Injury in Optic Neuritis"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2017","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2101-6066","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Piergiorgio","family":"Lochner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Translational Medicine, Section of Neurology, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Cantello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medicine, Section of Neurology, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Fassbender","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Lesmeister","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5243-6760","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Raffaele","family":"Nardone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurology, \u201cFranz Tappeiner\u201d Hospital, Merano, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Centre, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Siniscalchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, \u201cAnnunziata\u201d Hospital, Cosenza, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9860-0148","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nausicaa","family":"Clemente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medicine, Section of Neurology, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Naldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medicine, Section of Neurology, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Coppo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medicine, Section of Neurology, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0928-1577","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Francesco","family":"Brigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurology, \u201cFranz Tappeiner\u201d Hospital, Merano, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6862-9468","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Cristoforo","family":"Comi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medicine, Section of Neurology, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, 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