{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T11:06:58Z","timestamp":1790334418727,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Purpose<\/jats:italic>. To study the distribution of breast mammogram density in Lebanese women and correlate it with breast cancer (BC) incidence.<jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. Data from 1,049 women who had screening or diagnostic mammography were retrospectively reviewed. Age, menopausal status, contraceptives or hormonal replacement therapy (HRT), parity, breastfeeding, history of BC, breast mammogram density, and final BI-RADS assessment were collected. Breast density was analyzed in each age category and compared according to factors that could influence breast density and BC incidence.<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. 120 (11.4%) patients had BC personal history with radiation and\/or chemotherapy; 66 patients were postmenopausal under HRT. Mean age was<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">52.58<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">11.90<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>years. 76.4% of the patients (30\u201339 years) had dense breasts. Parity, age, and menopausal status were correlated to breast density whereas breastfeeding and personal\/family history of BC and HRT were not. In multivariate analysis, it was shown that the risk of breast cancer significantly increases 3.3% with age (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.005<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>), 2.5 times in case of menopause (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.004<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>), and 1.4 times when breast density increases (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.014<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>).<jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. Breast density distribution in Lebanon is similar to the western society. Similarly to other studies, it was shown that high breast density was statistically related to breast cancer, especially in older and menopausal women.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/7594953","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,2]],"date-time":"2017-07-02T17:02:23Z","timestamp":1499014943000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Breast Density and Breast Cancer Incidence in the Lebanese Population: Results from a Retrospective Multicenter Study"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2017","author":[{"given":"Christine","family":"Salem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, H\u00f4tel-Dieu de France University Hospital, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2425-6679","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"David","family":"Atallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and 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