{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T00:34:01Z","timestamp":1772757241283,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002383","name":"King Saud University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002383","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In traditional Chinese and Korean homeopathic medicine,<jats:italic> Chrysanthemum indicum<\/jats:italic> Linn\u00e9 (Asteraceae) is a time-honored herb, prescribed for the resolution of symptoms associated with inflammatory and hypertensive conditions as well as those affecting the lungs and its associated structures. The goal of this work is to investigate the defensive role of<jats:italic> Chrysanthemum indicum<\/jats:italic> extract in fighting ankylosing spondylitis (AS) using mouse models, through which the manifestation and extent of the disease progression were measured with quantitative analysis of the intervertebral joints. Markers of inflammation as well as oxidative stress were also analysed. Western blot was used to quantify the levels of Nuclear Factor-<jats:italic>\u03ba<\/jats:italic>B (NF-<jats:italic>\u03ba<\/jats:italic>B) p65, Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1), and sclerostin (SOST). Consequently, the findings of this experiment demonstrated that AS in mice that were given<jats:italic> Chrysanthemum indicum<\/jats:italic> extract had lower level of TNF-<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>, IL-1<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>, and IL-6 (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.0<\/mml:mn><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">5<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) and increased level of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). The results also revealed that<jats:italic> Chrysanthemum indicum<\/jats:italic> supplemented with diet contributed to a decrease in Nuclear Factor-<jats:italic>\u03ba<\/jats:italic>B (NF-<jats:italic>\u03ba<\/jats:italic>B) p65 protein expression (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) and higher levels of DKK-1 and SOST proteins (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). Therefore, we concluded that the beneficial role of<jats:italic> Chrysanthemum indicum<\/jats:italic> in AS is manifested through downregulating oxidative stress, inhibiting inflammatory mediators and NF-<jats:italic>\u03ba<\/jats:italic>B, and increasing DKK-1 and SOST levels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/8206281","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,2]],"date-time":"2017-02-02T16:03:09Z","timestamp":1486051389000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["The Protective Effect of<i> Chrysanthemum indicum<\/i> Extract against Ankylosing Spondylitis in Mouse Models"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2017","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2944-6853","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mei","family":"Dong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Immune Department of Rheumatism, Tianjin Hospital, Jiefangnan Road 406, Tianjin 300211, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9069-2407","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dongsheng","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300052, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4136-2003","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Veeramuthu","family":"Duraipandiyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany and Microbiology, Addiriyah Chair for Environmental Studies, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2663-6328","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Naif","family":"Abdullah Al-Dhabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany and Microbiology, Addiriyah Chair for Environmental Studies, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 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