{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T04:53:21Z","timestamp":1774414401275,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>. Ocular vascular occlusions following intraocular procedures are a rare complication. We report a case series of patients with retinal vascular occlusions or anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) after anterior and posterior segment surgery and demonstrate possible risk factors.<jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. Observational case series.<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. In ten patients, vascular occlusions were observed within ten weeks after intraocular surgery: branch retinal arterial occlusion (BRAO) (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>), central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>), central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>), branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>), anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>3<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>), and combined central artery and vein occlusion (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M6\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). AION occurred later (27\u201369\u2009d) than arterial occlusions (14\u201360\u2009d) or venous occlusions (1-2\u2009d). In all cases, either specific surgical manipulations or general vascular disorders were identified as risk factors. In addition to general cardiovascular risk factors (arterial hypertension<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M7\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>6<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>, diabetes mellitus<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M8\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>4<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>), internal workup disclosed bilateral stenosis of the carotid arteries (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M9\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) and myeloproliferative syndrome (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M10\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>).<jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. Vascular occlusions after surgical ocular procedures seem to be more frequent when cardiovascular diseases coexist. Surgical maneuvers and intra- or postoperative pressure changes may act as a triggering mechanism in patients with underlying systemic cardiovascular disorders. Affected patients should undergo thorough internal examination to identify possible underlying diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/9120892","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,11]],"date-time":"2017-07-11T21:13:31Z","timestamp":1499807611000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Vascular Occlusions following Ocular Surgical Procedures: A Clinical Observation of Vascular Complications after Ocular Surgery"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2017","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9741-9227","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Charlotte","family":"Fischer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Eye Clinic, Georg-August-Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen, G\u00f6ttingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Bruggemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Clinic, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, L\u00fcbeck, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annette","family":"Hager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Eye Clinic, Charit\u00e9, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josep","family":"Callizo Planas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Eye Clinic, Georg-August-Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen, G\u00f6ttingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johann","family":"Roider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Clinic, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Hoerauf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Eye Clinic, Georg-August-Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen, G\u00f6ttingen, 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