{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T16:48:04Z","timestamp":1786380484400,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>. A 2013 Cochrane review concluded that the choice of antibiotics for prophylaxis in PROM is not clear. In Uganda, a combination of oral erythromycin and amoxicillin is the 1st line for prophylaxis against ascending infection. Our aim was to establish the current cervicovaginal bacteriology and antibiotic sensitivity patterns.<jats:italic> Methods<\/jats:italic>. Liquor was collected aseptically from the endocervical canal and pool in the posterior fornix of the vagina using a pipette. Aerobic cultures were performed on blood, chocolate, and MacConkey agar and incubated at 35\u201337\u00b0C for 24\u201348\u2009hrs. Enrichment media were utilized to culture for GBS and facultative anaerobes. Isolates were identified using colonial morphology, gram staining, and biochemical analysis. Sensitivity testing was performed via Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion and dilution method. Pearson\u2019s chi-squared (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>\u03c7<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msup><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) test and the paired<jats:italic> t<\/jats:italic>-test were applied, at a <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math> value of 0.05.<jats:italic> Results<\/jats:italic>. Thirty percent of the cultures were positive and over 90% were aerobic microorganisms. Resistance to erythromycin, ampicillin, cotrimoxazole, and ceftriaxone was 44%, 95%, 96%, and 24%, respectively. Rupture of membranes (&gt;12\u2009hrs), late preterm, and term PROM were associated with more positive cultures.<jats:italic> Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. The spectrum of bacteria associated with PROM has not changed, but resistance to erythromycin and ampicillin has increased.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/9264571","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,9]],"date-time":"2017-02-09T16:01:27Z","timestamp":1486656087000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Cervicovaginal Bacteriology and Antibiotic Sensitivity Patterns among Women with Premature Rupture of Membranes in Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2017","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4145-4044","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Milton W.","family":"Musaba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mbale Regional Referral & Teaching Hospital, P.O. Box 921, Mbale, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mike N.","family":"Kagawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Kiggundu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mulago National Referral & Teaching Hospital, P.O. Box 7051, Kampala, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Kiondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julius","family":"Wandabwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Busitema University, P.O. Box 1460, Mbale, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(00)04233-1"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2005.05.001"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5772\/27473"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.02.003"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(09)70172-0"},{"issue":"2","key":"7","first-page":"120","volume":"6","year":"2006","journal-title":"African Health Sciences"},{"issue":"2","key":"8","first-page":"65","volume":"78","year":"2001","journal-title":"East African Medical Journal"},{"key":"9","first-page":"135","volume":"22","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences, Jimma, Ethiopia"},{"key":"10","year":"2015"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001058.pub3"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2014.01.013"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3016.2001.00007.x"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-9-437"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199604183341601"}],"container-title":["Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/idog\/2017\/9264571.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/idog\/2017\/9264571.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/idog\/2017\/9264571.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,9]],"date-time":"2017-02-09T16:01:27Z","timestamp":1486656087000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/idog\/2017\/9264571\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"references-count":14,"alternative-id":["9264571","9264571"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2017\/9264571","relation":{},"ISSN":["1064-7449","1098-0997"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1064-7449","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-0997","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017]]}}}