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Most affected individuals lack only one or two teeth, with permanent second premolars and upper lateral incisors the most likely to be missing. Both environmental and genetic factors are involved in the aetiology of hypodontia, with the latter playing a more significant role. Hypodontia individuals often present a significant clinical challenge for orthodontists because, in a number of cases, the treatment time is prolonged and the treatment outcome may be compromised. Hence, the identification of genetic and environmental factors may be particularly useful in the early prediction of this condition and the development of prevention strategies and novel treatments in the future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/9378325","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,19]],"date-time":"2017-03-19T17:02:01Z","timestamp":1489942921000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":197,"title":["Hypodontia: An Update on Its Etiology, Classification, and Clinical Management"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2017","author":[{"given":"Azza Husam","family":"Al-Ani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph Safwat","family":"Antoun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New 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