{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T09:52:43Z","timestamp":1764841963299,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,20]],"date-time":"2017-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1500508800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurodegenerative Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background and Aims<\/jats:italic>. Visual evoked potentials (VEPs) assess the integrity of the visual pathways from the optic nerve to the occipital cortex. Optic disc cupping and visual field loss have been associated with prolongation of latency of VEP in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG).<jats:italic> Methods<\/jats:italic>. Pattern reversal and flash VEP tests were done in consenting 20 primary open angle glaucoma eyes and 40 normal control eyes.<jats:italic> Results<\/jats:italic>. In POAG cases, the refractive error [<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">3.51<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">1.88<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math> versus <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">1.88<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">1.11<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>, D, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>], cup-disc ratio in percent [<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">66.00<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">16.98<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math> versus <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\"><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">28.50<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">5.80<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M6\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>], intraocular pressure [<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M7\"><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">19.55<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">2.08<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math> versus <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M8\"><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">11.65<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">1.64<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>, mmHg, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M9\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>], and automated visual field pattern standard deviation [<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M10\"><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">4.13<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">6.96<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math> versus <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M11\"><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">1.64<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.45<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>, dB, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M12\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>] were significantly more than in control. The visual acuity [<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M13\"><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.41<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.29<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math> versus <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M14\"><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">1.00<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.00<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M15\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>], foveal visual sensitivity [<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M16\"><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">25.92<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">6.88<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math> versus <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M17\"><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">33.48<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">1.75<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>, dB, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M18\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>], and automated visual field mean deviation [\u2212<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M19\"><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">9.63<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">10.58<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math> versus <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M20\"><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.07<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">1.54<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>, dB, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M21\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>] were significantly less in cases than in control. Among VEP variables, pattern reversal latency N145 [<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M22\"><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">149.00<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">15.75<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math> versus <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M23\"><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">137.52<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">15.20<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>, ms, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M24\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.011<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>], flash amplitude N75 [<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M25\"><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">2.18<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mo>.<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">57<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math> versus <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M26\"><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">1.47<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mo>.<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">38<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>, <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>V, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M27\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>], and flash amplitude N145 [<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M28\"><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">1.99<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mo>.<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">39<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math> versus <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M29\"><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">1.43<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mo>.<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">38<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>, <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>V, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M30\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>] were increased in cases. The pattern reversal amplitude N75 [<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M31\"><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">1.97<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mo>.<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">35<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math> versus <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M32\"><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">2.47<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mo>.<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">58<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>, <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>V, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M33\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>], amplitude P100 [<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M34\"><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">3.09<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mo>.<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">46<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math> versus <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M35\"><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">6.07<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">1.44<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>, <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>V, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M36\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>], and amplitude N145 [<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M37\"><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">2.21<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mo>.<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">58<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math> versus <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M38\"><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">4.45<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">1.99<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>, <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>V, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M39\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>] were decreased in cases.<jats:italic> Conclusions<\/jats:italic>. POAG caused glaucomatous damage to optic pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/9540609","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,20]],"date-time":"2017-07-20T21:04:53Z","timestamp":1500584693000},"page":"1-4","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Visual Evoked Potentials in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2017","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1499-2314","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mukesh Kumar","family":"Jha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dilip","family":"Thakur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic and Clinical Physiology, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Sunsari, Nepal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nirmala","family":"Limbu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic and Clinical Physiology, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Sunsari, Nepal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Badri Prasad","family":"Badhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Sunsari, Nepal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bishnu Hari","family":"Paudel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic and Clinical Physiology, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Sunsari, Nepal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"year":"pp. 201\u2013209, 2003","key":"1"},{"year":"pp. 153\u2013176, 1998","key":"2a"},{"year":"2007","key":"2b"},{"year":"pp. 421\u2013449, 1999","key":"3"},{"key":"4","first-page":"413","volume":"38","year":"1997","journal-title":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:DOOP.0000018386.82692.09"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2006.095158"},{"issue":"5","key":"9","first-page":"331","volume":"6","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Glaucoma"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-003-0797-3"},{"issue":"2","key":"13","first-page":"436","volume":"33","year":"1992","journal-title":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.06-0527"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ijg.0000212237.26466.0e"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00161367"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0420.2002.800612.x"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022561530782"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurodegenerative Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/archive\/2017\/9540609.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/archive\/2017\/9540609.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/archive\/2017\/9540609.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,8]],"date-time":"2020-12-08T19:06:30Z","timestamp":1607454390000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/jnd\/2017\/9540609\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,20]]},"references-count":15,"alternative-id":["9540609","9540609"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2017\/9540609","relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-858X","2090-8601"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2090-858X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2090-8601"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,20]]}}}