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To investigate the expression and role of AM in inflamed synovial tissue (ST), the gene expression profiles of AM in the ST, including synovial macrophages and fibroblasts, of a murine patellar surgical dislocation model were characterized. In addition, the effects of interleukin-<jats:italic>(IL-) 1<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic><\/jats:italic>and AM in cultured synovial cells were also examined. CD11c<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>macrophages were found to be elevated in ST of the surgically dislocated patella. Higher gene expression of<jats:italic>CD11c<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>IL-1<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic><\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>AM<\/jats:italic>, receptor activity-modifying proteins 2<jats:italic>(RAMP2)<\/jats:italic>, and 3<jats:italic>(RAMP3)<\/jats:italic>was also observed in ST obtained from the dislocated side.<jats:italic>AM<\/jats:italic>expression was also significantly increased in synovial fibroblasts and macrophages in response to IL-1<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>treatment. Synovial macrophages also highly expressed<jats:italic>RAMP3<\/jats:italic>compared to fibroblasts and this expression was further stimulated by exogenously added IL-1<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>. Further, the treatment of the F4\/80-positive cell fraction obtained from ST with AM inhibited<jats:italic>IL-1<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic><\/jats:italic>expression. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that AM was produced by synovial fibroblasts and macrophages in inflamed ST and that increased levels of AM may exert anti-inflammatory effects on synovial macrophages.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/9832430","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,19]],"date-time":"2017-02-19T21:01:40Z","timestamp":1487538100000},"page":"1-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Adrenomedullin Regulates<i>IL-1\u03b2<\/i>Gene Expression in F4\/80+ Macrophages during Synovial Inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2017","author":[{"given":"Shotaro","family":"Takano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Minami-ku Kitasato, Sagamihara City, Kanagawa 252-0374, 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