{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T21:54:33Z","timestamp":1773525273957,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Computer Networks and Communications"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The message routing in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) is an attractive and promising area for research. These networks do not have a central coordination, the nodes are mobile, and the topology is highly dynamic, making the routing process a big challenge, since it is responsible for ensuring message delivery with small overhead and delay. In the literature, there are several routing protocols that can be used in VANETs; in this way, the main objective of this work is to classify, discuss, and compare such protocols through a review of research in this field. The protocol classification is based on the following criteria: type of architecture and mode of operation. Moreover, this work emphasizes the potential of the application of bioinspired and bus-based techniques in the routing problem solutions, which has been revealed as a main tendency nowadays. Bioinspired routing protocols are based on the behavior of entities in the nature, and they are meant to work in a distributed mode, using mobile agents to find routes with specific features. In a parallel line of research, the differentiated behavior of urban transport vehicles suggests that a system that makes use of buses to create a communication infrastructure can perform better when compared to a system that does not distinguish between vehicles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/1302123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,18]],"date-time":"2018-03-18T19:30:37Z","timestamp":1521401437000},"page":"1-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Routing in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks: Main Characteristics and Tendencies"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2018","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9934-4441","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Joilson","family":"Alves Junior","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Technology-Paran\u00e1 (UTFPR), Av. 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