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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of <jats:italic>Lavandula angustifolia<\/jats:italic> Mill. essential oil (LEO) on acute inflammatory response. LEO was analyzed using gas chromatography\u2010mass spectrometry (GC\u2010MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) methods and showed predominance of 1,8\u2010cineole (39.83%), borneol (22.63%), and camphor (22.12%). LEO at concentrations of 0.5, 1, 3, and 10\u2009<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/ml did not present <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> cytotoxicity. Additionally, LEO did not stimulate the leukocyte chemotaxis <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>. The LEO topical application at concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, and 1\u2009mg\/ear reduced edema formation, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and nitric oxide (NO) production in croton oil\u2010induced ear edema model. In carrageenan\u2010induced paw edema model, LEO treatment at doses of 75, 100, and 250 mg\/kg reduced edema formation, MPO activity, and NO production. In dextran\u2010induced paw edema model, LEO at doses of 75 and 100\u2009mg\/kg reduced paw edema and MPO activity. In conclusion, LEO presented anti\u2010inflammatory activity, and the mechanism proposed of LEO seems to be, at least in part, involving the participation of prostanoids, NO, proinflammatory cytokines, and histamine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/1413940","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,18]],"date-time":"2018-03-18T23:30:38Z","timestamp":1521415838000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":113,"title":["Effect of Lavender <i>(Lavandula angustifolia)<\/i> Essential Oil on Acute Inflammatory Response"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2018","author":[{"given":"Gabriel Fernando Esteves","family":"Cardia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9676-7622","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saulo 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