{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T03:42:25Z","timestamp":1771645345601,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,28]],"date-time":"2018-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1540684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":300,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>. Tinnitus is defined as a phantom auditory perception, i.e., sound experience despite the lack of acoustic stimuli in the environment. The aim of this study was to assess the state of the natural antioxidant barrier of a body in patients complaining about the presence of tinnitus. <jats:italic>Material and Methods<\/jats:italic>. The study included a total of 51 patients aged from 20 to 62 years with diagnosed idiopathic tinnitus and 19 healthy subjects as a control group. All patients underwent the audiometric tone test, speech audiometry, distortion otoacoustic emission product testing, study of evoked auditory potentials of short latency, and biochemical analysis of venous blood concerning values of activity or concentration of glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, S\u2010transferase, glutathione reductase superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, and ceruloplasmin as the selected parameters of oxidative stress. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. Disorders of the auditory pathway were not only limited to the cochlea but also covered its further episodes. Mean values of activity or concentration of the selected parameters of oxidative stress in the study and control groups showed reduced effectiveness of the body\u2019s natural antioxidant barrier. <jats:italic>Discussion<\/jats:italic>. Patients complaining about the presence of tinnitus showed reduced effectiveness of the body\u2019s natural antioxidant barrier compared to the control group. <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>. The main indication to undertake further research on the functioning of the antioxidant barrier in people suffering from ailments in the form of tinnitus is to determine a suitable therapy aimed at improving the quality of life of these patients, which might be the administration of antioxidant medications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/1439575","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,28]],"date-time":"2018-10-28T23:30:36Z","timestamp":1540769436000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Assessment of the State of the Natural Antioxidant Barrier of a Body in Patients Complaining about the Presence of Tinnitus"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2018","author":[{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Pawlak-Osi\u0144ska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henryk","family":"Ka\u017amierczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Marzec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1542-0879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daria","family":"Kupczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5197-4281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafa\u0142","family":"Bilski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2769-3068","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emilia","family":"Miko\u0142ajewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dariusz","family":"Miko\u0142ajewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beata","family":"Augusty\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","first-page":"259","article-title":"Mitochondria as a source of reactive oxygen species","volume":"59","author":"Potargowicz E.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Post\u0229py Higieny i Medycyny Do\u015bwiadczalnej"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","first-page":"118","article-title":"The two faces of reactive oxygen species","volume":"62","author":"Zab\u0142ocka A.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Post\u0229py Higieny i Medycyny Do\u015bwiadczalnej"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","first-page":"582","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species and mechanisms of body protection","volume":"75","author":"Czajka A.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nowiny Lekarskie"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","first-page":"267","article-title":"Free radicals and antioxidative mechanisms\u2014their role in pathogenesis of diseases","volume":"8","author":"Zachwieja J.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatr Prakt"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1293.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.54.3.176"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mad.2004.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","first-page":"284","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species\u2014physiological and pathological function in the human body","volume":"45","author":"\u0141uszczewski A.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Reumatologia"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","volume-title":"Druga Twarz Tlenu","author":"Bartosz G.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","first-page":"44","article-title":"Stres oksydacyjny w procesach uszkodzenia kom\u00f3rek","volume":"27","author":"Kulbacka J.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Polski Merkuriusz Lekarsk"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-0102(90)90031-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-6665(02)00160-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/03005368909077819"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_2","first-page":"16","volume-title":"Tinnitus: Theory and Management","author":"Hoffman H. 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