{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T20:20:20Z","timestamp":1790713220546,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001537","name":"University of Auckland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001537","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007724","name":"Wuhan University of Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007724","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Healthcare Engineering"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This review aims to compare existing robot-assisted ankle rehabilitation techniques in terms of robot design. Included studies mainly consist of selected papers in two published reviews involving a variety of robot-assisted ankle rehabilitation techniques. A free search was also made in Google Scholar and Scopus by using keywords \u201cankle<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:msup><mml:mrow\/><mml:mrow><mml:mo>\u2217<\/mml:mo><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msup><\/mml:math>,\u201d and \u201crobot<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:msup><mml:mrow\/><mml:mrow><mml:mo>\u2217<\/mml:mo><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msup><\/mml:math>,\u201d and (\u201crehabilitat<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:msup><mml:mrow\/><mml:mrow><mml:mo>\u2217<\/mml:mo><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msup><\/mml:math>\u201d or \u201ctreat<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><mml:msup><mml:mrow\/><mml:mrow><mml:mo>\u2217<\/mml:mo><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msup><\/mml:math>\u201d). The search is limited to English-language articles published between January 1980 and September 2016. Results show that existing robot-assisted ankle rehabilitation techniques can be classified into wearable exoskeleton and platform-based devices. Platform-based devices are mostly developed for the treatment of a variety of ankle musculoskeletal and neurological injuries, while wearable ones focus more on ankle-related gait training. In terms of robot design, comparative analysis indicates that an ideal ankle rehabilitation robot should have aligned rotation center as the ankle joint, appropriate workspace, and actuation torque, no matter how many degrees of freedom (DOFs) it has. Single-DOF ankle robots are mostly developed for specific applications, while multi-DOF devices are more suitable for comprehensive ankle rehabilitation exercises. Other factors including posture adjustability and sensing functions should also be considered to promote related clinical applications. An ankle rehabilitation robot with reconfigurability to maximize its functions will be a new research point towards optimal design, especially on parallel mechanisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/1534247","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,15]],"date-time":"2018-03-15T19:30:49Z","timestamp":1521142249000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Towards Optimal Platform-Based Robot Design for Ankle Rehabilitation: The State of the Art and Future Prospects"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2018","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5975-3010","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Qing","family":"Miao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8016-1856","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mingming","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Lab of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"},{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7286-5888","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Congzhe","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Advanced Manufacturing Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongsheng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024494031121"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/156855301742003"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMECH.2012.2214228"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-0003-10-30"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-3182\/9\/1\/016007"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TRO.2009.2019783"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2002.802857"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMECH.2012.2219065"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medengphy.2014.08.005"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2010.04.0053"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0309364611425696"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2003.823266"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2005.05.004"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TRO.2015.2457314"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-89933-4_18"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0278364909104221"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008938121020"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3901\/CJME.2015.0416.062"},{"issue":"176","key":"20","first-page":"45","volume":"79","year":"2012","journal-title":"DYNA"},{"key":"21","year":"2016"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4024736"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-32953-5"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0141-5425(85)90043-3"},{"issue":"1","key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.71B1.2915016","volume":"71-b","year":"1989","journal-title":"The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.3108455"},{"key":"27","year":"2010"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2013.03.0066"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASE.2014.2331241"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4003315"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2005.07.305"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968310388666"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/563062"}],"container-title":["Journal of Healthcare Engineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jhe\/2018\/1534247.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jhe\/2018\/1534247.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jhe\/2018\/1534247.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,15]],"date-time":"2018-03-15T19:31:00Z","timestamp":1521142260000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/jhe\/2018\/1534247\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"references-count":32,"alternative-id":["1534247","1534247"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2018\/1534247","relation":{},"ISSN":["2040-2295","2040-2309"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2040-2295","type":"print"},{"value":"2040-2309","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018]]}}}