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Electrical stimulation is used for the clinical treatment and rehabilitation of patients with many cognitive disorders. In this study, the effects of high\u2010definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD\u2010tDCS) on resting\u2010state brain networks in the human prefrontal cortex were investigated by using functional near\u2010infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). The intrahemispheric as well as interhemispheric connectivity changes induced by 1\u2009mA HD\u2010tDCS were examined in 15 healthy subjects. Pearson correlation coefficient\u2010based correlation matrices were generated from filtered time series oxyhemoglobin (\u0394HbO) signals and converted into binary matrices. Common graph theory metrics were computed to evaluate the network changes. Systematic interhemispheric, intrahemispheric, and intraregional connectivity analyses demonstrated that the stimulation positively affected the resting\u2010state connectivity in the prefrontal cortex. The poststimulation connectivity was increased throughout the prefrontal region, while focal HD\u2010tDCS effects induced an increased rate of connectivity in the stimulated hemisphere. The graph theory metrics clearly distinguished the prestimulation and poststimulation networks for a range of thresholds. The results of this study suggest that HD\u2010tDCS can be used to increase functional connectivity in the prefrontal cortex. The increase in functional connectivity can be explored clinically for neurorehabilitation of patients with degenerative brain diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/1613402","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,1]],"date-time":"2018-11-01T23:48:22Z","timestamp":1541116102000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["Effects of HD\u2010tDCS on Resting\u2010State Functional Connectivity in the Prefrontal Cortex: An fNIRS Study"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2018","author":[{"given":"M. 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