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H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S is produced from cysteine by enzymes, such as cystathionine<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2010synthase (CBS), cystathionine<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>\u2010lyase (CSE), cysteine aminotransferase (CAT), and 3\u2010mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3MST). These enzymes regulate the overall production of H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S in the body. H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S has a cell\u2010signaling function in the CNS and plays important roles in combating oxidative species such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in the body. H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S is crucial for maintaining balanced amounts of antioxidants to protect the body from oxidative stress, and appropriate amounts of H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S are required to protect the CNS in particular. The body regulates CBS, 3MST, and CSE levels in the CNS, and higher or lower levels of these enzymes cause various neurodegenerative diseases. This review discusses how H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S protects the CNS by acting as an antioxidant that reduces excessive amounts of ROS and RNS. 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