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This paper presents a novel authoring framework for mobile VR contents and a play-based learning model for marine biology education. For interactive and immersive mobile VR contents, we develop a multilayer 360\u00b0 VR representation with image-based interactions such as mesh deformation and water simulation, which enable users to realistically interact with 360\u00b0 panoramic contents without consuming excessive computational resources. On the basis of this representation, we design and implement play-based learning scenarios to increase the interactivity and immersion of users. Then, we verify the effectiveness of our educational scenarios using a user study in terms of user-created VR contents, interactivity, and immersion. The results show that more experienced elements in VR contents improve the immersion of users and make them more actively involved.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/2306031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,11]],"date-time":"2018-10-11T19:30:44Z","timestamp":1539286244000},"page":"1-12","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Interactive and Immersive Learning Using 360\u00b0 Virtual Reality Contents on Mobile Platforms"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2018","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4238-8176","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kanghyun","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4101-2011","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yeo-Jin","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Mobile Virtual Reality Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7142-5976","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Oh-Young","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Software, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6710-1434","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Soo-Mi","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Mobile Virtual Reality Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12973\/eurasia.2017.00630a"},{"key":"2","year":"2016"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4018\/ijmbl.2016100104"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cgf.13277"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cgf.12541"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cgf.12591"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tvcg.2017.2657178"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tvcg.2017.2734426"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2897824.2925983"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/mc.2007.257"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1167311"},{"issue":"3","key":"18","first-page":"1","volume":"3","year":"2003","journal-title":"Presence Connect"},{"key":"19","year":"2016"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2897824.2925883"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3130800.3130893"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2008.04.004"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jesp.2009.02.016"},{"issue":"1","key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.20870\/IJVR.2016.16.1.2880","volume":"16","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Virtual Reality"},{"key":"28","year":"2014"}],"container-title":["Mobile Information Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/misy\/2018\/2306031.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/misy\/2018\/2306031.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/misy\/2018\/2306031.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,26]],"date-time":"2019-10-26T08:40:12Z","timestamp":1572079212000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/misy\/2018\/2306031\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,11]]},"references-count":19,"alternative-id":["2306031","2306031"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2018\/2306031","relation":{},"ISSN":["1574-017X","1875-905X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1574-017X","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-905X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,11]]}}}